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A study of the application potential of I-Kr models based on the influencing effects of shaly sandstone reservoirs

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Abstract

Relative permeability is one of the important parameters for reservoir interpretation and productivity prediction. The main methods used to obtain the relative permeability in the laboratory are the steady-state method and unsteady-state method, but both of these are relatively expensive and require long preparation times. Many researchers try to infer the relative permeability curve from other petrophysical parameters. The most representative one is the method used to calculate the relative permeability of the wetting and non-wetting phases according to the resistivity index I. In previous studies, the existing I-Kr models, such as the Li model and Ma model, have been generally effective in sandstone reservoir, yet not as effective in shaly sandstone reservoirs. In this study, in order to solve the problem of low productivity prediction accuracy caused by the complex oil-water relationship in the shaly sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi area of Daqing, it is necessary to establish a suitable I-Kr model for the shaly sandstone reservoirs in this area. Based on the improved W-S model, the resistivity index I* and its calculation equation are established to eliminate the influence of the additional conductivity of shale. This resistivity index I* is able to more accurately reflect the conductivity of the shaly sandstone reservoirs; thus a new I*-Kr* model of shaly sandstone reservoirs is successfully established by introducing the modification term of wetting phase relative permeability. In addition, for the shaly sandstone reservoirs, a working process is also proposed, which could be applied to wells in the study area. In order to verify the new model, the productivity prediction and reservoir evaluation were carried out for two sections of a well in this area. The comparison between the productivity calculation results and the actual oil test results proves the accuracy and applicability of the I*-Kr* model in this paper, which effectively improved the accuracy of shaly sandstone reservoir interpretation and productivity prediction.

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Abbreviations

CEC:

cation exchange capacity

C0 :

the conductivity of water-bearing sandstone

F* :

indicates the formation factor of pure sandstone with a porosity equal to the total porosity of the dispersed shaly sandstone

B:

the conductivity of the cation exchange capacity

Qv :

the cation exchange capacity per unit of pore volume, which represents the mole number of exchangeable cations contained in the rock sample per unit total pore volume

Cw :

pore-water conductivity

φt :

refers to the total porosity of the shaly sandstone

ρg :

the average particle density of the rock (g/cm3)

Swt :

indicates the total water saturation

Ct :

total conductivity of the oil-bearing rock

n:

saturation index

Ce :

the conductivity of the clay exchange cation

C0sd :

the electrical conductivity of the sandstone

C0sh :

the additional conductivity of clay

Ctsd :

the electrical conductivity of the sandstone portion of an oil-bearing rock

Ctsh :

the additional conductivity of clay portion of an oil-bearing rock

I* :

the function of the resistivity index that eliminates the influence of the additional conductivity of shale

Swr :

the residual saturation of the wetting phase

Krw :

the relative permeability of the wetting phase

Krnw :

the relative permeability of the non-wetting phase

Kr * :

the calculation model of relative permeability of shaly sandstone reservoirs established in this paper

Kro :

the effective permeability of oil phase

Kw :

represents the effective permeability of water phase

Q0 :

the prediction of oil production

Qw :

represents the prediction of water production

fw :

represents the water production rate

K:

the absolute permeability

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of GeoExploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026, China

    BaoZhi Pan, PengJi Zhang, YuHang Guo, LiHua Zhang, XinRu Wang & NaiYu Zhang

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  1. BaoZhi Pan
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  2. PengJi Zhang
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  3. YuHang Guo
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  4. LiHua Zhang
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  5. XinRu Wang
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  6. NaiYu Zhang
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Correspondence to YuHang Guo.

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The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. We declare that we do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted

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Responsible Editor: Narasimman Sundararajan

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Pan, B., Zhang, P., Guo, Y. et al. A study of the application potential of I-Kr models based on the influencing effects of shaly sandstone reservoirs. Arab J Geosci 14, 1095 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07311-z

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