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RETRACTED ARTICLE: The evolution of spatial and temporal patterns of Zhengzhou ecological network based on MSPA

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This article was retracted on 09 April 2022

An Editorial Expression of Concern to this article was published on 28 September 2021

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Abstract

The urban ecological network system is the basic guarantee for maintaining the stability of the overall green ecological space of the city and an important carrier for the city to practice the community of landscape, fields, forests, and lakes. The paper analyzed the separate year’s land use types map in 2007, 2011, 2015, and 2019 in Zhengzhou City by using the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity method and combining the graphic theory, quantitative analysis, and evaluation of the temporal and spatial pattern of the ecological network of Zhengzhou and even the changes in network connectivity. The results show that from 2007 to 2019, the total area of the urban ecological network in Zhengzhou is increasing gradually, which is the result of a series of “Forest City” strategic projects in Zhengzhou. The “Edge” area has developed and the transitional green belt between urban lands has improved; the “Bridge” area, “Branch” area, and “Loop” area increase first and then decrease, the degree of urban landscape fragmentation increases, and the landscape connectivity decreases; besides, the degree of fragmentation of urban landscape increases while the landscape connectivity decreases. The analysis of ecological network based on the landscape connectivity index showed that the overall and possible connectivity levels of Zhengzhou ecological network have increased. The level of connectivity of ecological network’s study area was still relatively low; the research results can improve the system of Zhengzhou ecological network, meanwhile provide effective information for the protection and restoration of ecological environment, and offer reference for the planning and construction of ecological network in central plains cities.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the following foundations: the Key Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province (18B560005); the Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Henan Education Department (2019-ZZJH-575, 2020-ZDJH-205); the Key Scientific and Technological Research and Development and Promotion Projects in Henan Province (192102310282); Teaching Demonstration Class in North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (2018-09, Town Master Planning and Design); Education and Teaching Research and Reform Project in North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (2019-25, Research and Exploration on the Teaching Reform of the Golden Course of Waterfront Landscape Design); First Class Undergraduate Courses in North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (2020-10, Revetment & Slope Protection Design; 2020-32, Town Master Planning and Design); Henan Philosophy And Social Science Planning Project (2020BYS023); Research Topics of Science and Technology Think Tanks in Henan Province (HNKJZK-2020-25C).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, 136 Jinshui Road, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China

    Xiao Zhe-tao & Zhang Wan-ying

  2. School of Art and Design, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450 046, China

    HAO Li-jun

Authors
  1. Xiao Zhe-tao
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  2. Zhang Wan-ying
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  3. HAO Li-jun
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Correspondence to HAO Li-jun.

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The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

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Responsible Editor: Sheldon Williamson

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Environment and Low Carbon Transportation

This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10068-8

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Zhe-tao, X., Wan-ying, Z. & Li-jun, H. RETRACTED ARTICLE: The evolution of spatial and temporal patterns of Zhengzhou ecological network based on MSPA. Arab J Geosci 14, 1107 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07260-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07260-7

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