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Assessment of ground water pollution through metal index analysis and its source identification along the Delhi-Haryana boarder, India

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Abstract

An integrated study of health risk assessment, pollution indices, and factor analysis was carried out to assess the pollution and heavy metal sources in groundwater of the Delhi-Haryana boarder, India. A total of 25 groundwater samples were analyzed for major ions, and 13 samples were analyzed for 6 elements (Mn, Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, and Pb). Most of the samples show a high concentration of nitrate, fluoride, and EC and indicate the influence of anthropogenic activities. Out of the elements analyzed, the elements like Cd, Pb, and Fe exceed the prescribed limits of WHO standard for drinking water. Health risk index (HRI) values reveal risk of toxicity through oral pathways is less, as all trace elements are < 1. Six locations (Sl. No. 2, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 13) are considered as the most polluted based upon their heavy metal pollution index (HPI). The distribution pattern of these locations indicates that the pollution is due to anthropogenic activities. Sources of the pollution were determined by statistical analysis. There are three major factors like mining and agriculture, geogenic source, and crusher zone activities and domestic activities that are mainly responsible for the heavy metal pollution in the study area.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers who have made significant contributions to the quality of this publication. This study did not receive specific grants from public, commercial, or non-profit sector funding agencies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Haryana Saraswati Heritage Development Board, Panchkula, Haryana, India

    Deepa Nathalia

  2. Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida, 201303, India

    Arjun Suresh

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, 608002, India

    Banajarani Panda

Authors
  1. Deepa Nathalia
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  2. Arjun Suresh
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  3. Banajarani Panda
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Correspondence to Arjun Suresh.

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Responsible Editor: Venkatramanan Senapathi

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Recent advanced techniques in water resources management

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Nathalia, D., Suresh, A. & Panda, B. Assessment of ground water pollution through metal index analysis and its source identification along the Delhi-Haryana boarder, India. Arab J Geosci 14, 759 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06905-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-06905-x

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