Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Source routing and detection of dust storm in the Salt Lake basin of Qom in Iran

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the last decades, the frequency of dust storms has increasingly emerged in the central regions of Iran. This study investigated the SDS sources in the Salt Lake basin of Qom using daily visibility, wind speed, dust weather codes and NCEP/NCAR data, and MODIS and Sentinel-1 sensor datasets. Sample SDS days were selected by daily visibility and dust weather codes with 3-h interval ranging from 2000 to 2017. These sample SDS days were related to the 19 synoptic stations of the Salt Lake basin. Dust entry trajectories were determined through the HYSPLIT model and evaluated with the MODIS Deep Blue aerosol optical depth and atmospheric patterns. SDS sources were identified using Sentinel-1 radar images of IW mode and SLC type through radar interferometry technique. Analysis of variability and frequency in dusty days and wind speed indicated that in high wind speed and dusty days, frequency increases in the second half of the course. SDS entry trajectories indicated that the SDS mainly entered in the study area during April and May from Iraq and eastern Syria and also during June and July from the east of Iran and the study basin. Study of the regional atmospheric circulation represented that the thermodynamic relationship between the thermal low pressure and trough at 500 hPa in spring provides instability and ascending air in Iraq and eastern Syria. In summer, the pressure gradient between thermal low pressure in the east of Iran and the Caspian high pressure intensifies the wind in the eastern part of Iran from the surface to 850 hPa level. Investigation of the dust pickup areas with radar interferometry technique revealed that as far as Iraq and eastern Syria were concerned, the eastern part of Al-Anbar province in the western desert of Iraq was the first source, desert areas in central and southern Iraq were the second source, and the eastern part of Syria ranked the third source of dust. In Iran, the main sources of SDS are located in the eastern regions of the Salt Lake basin as newfound region, the southeastern areas of Semnan province, the northwest of Yazd, and the northeast of Isfahan in the central desert of Iran. In recent years, there has been more abundance of dust originated from the eastern SDS trajectories.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aarons S, Arvin L, Aciego S, Riebe C, Johnson K, Blakowski M et al (2019) Competing droughts affect dust delivery to Sierra Nevada. Aeolian Res 41:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aba A, Al-Dousari AM, Ismaeel A (2015) Depositional characteristics of 7Be and 210Pb in Kuwaiti dust. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 307(1):15–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aba A, Al-Dousari AM, Ismael A (2016) Depositional characteristics of 7Be and 210Pb in Kuwaiti dust

  • Aba A, Al-Dousari AM, Ismaeel A (2018) Atmospheric deposition fluxes of 137Cs associated with dust fallout in the northeastern Arabian Gulf. J Environ Radioact 192:565–572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.05.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abd El-Wahab R, Al-Rashed A, Al-Dousari A (2018) Influences of physiographic factors, vegetation patterns and human impacts on aeolian landforms in arid environment. Arid Ecosyst 8(2):97–110. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079096118020026

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed M, Al-Dousari N, Al-Dousari A (2016) The role of dominant perennial native plant species in controlling the mobile sand encroachment and fallen dust problem in Kuwait. Arab J Geosci 9(2):134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2216-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al Ameri, I. D., Briant, R., & Engels, S. (2019). Drought severity and increased dust storm frequency in the Middle East: a case study from the Tigris–Euphrates alluvial plain, central Iraq. weather, 74(12), 416-626

  • Al Enezi E, Al-Dousari A, Al-Shammeri F (2014) Modeling adsorption of inorganic phosphorous on dust fallout in Kuwait. J Eng Res 2(2):1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Awadhi J, Al-Dousari A, Al-Enezi A (2000) Barchan dunes in northern Kuwait. Arab Gulf J Sci Res 18(1):32–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Albugami S, Palmer S, Cinnamon J, Meersmans J (2019) Spatial and temporal variations in the incidence of dust storms in Saudi Arabia revealed from in situ observations. Geosciences 9(4):162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari AM, Al-Hazza A (2013) Physical properties of aeolian sediments within major dune corridor in Kuwait. Arab J Geosci 6(2):519–527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-011-0353-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari A, Aba A, Al-Awadhi S, Ahmed M, Al-Dousari N (2016) Temporal and spatial assessment of pollen, radionuclides, minerals and trace elements in deposited dust within Kuwait. Arab J Geosci 9(2):95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari A, Al-Nassar W, Al-Hemoud A, Alsaleh A, Ramadan A, Al-Dousari N, Ahmed M (2019) Solar and wind energy: challenges and solutions in desert regions. Energy 176:184–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.03.180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ghadban AN, Saeed T, Al-Refaiy I, Al-Shemmari H, Al-Mutairi M, Al-Dousari AM (2000) The potential impact of draining the Iraqi marshes on the sediment budget and associated pollutants in the Northern Gulf. Final Report. Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences KISR, 5782

  • Al-Ghadban AN, Uddin S, Beg MU, Al-Dousari AM, Gevao B, Al-Yamani F (2008) Ecological consequences of river manipulations and drainage of Mesopotamian marshes on the Arabian Gulf ecosystem: investigations on changes in sedimentology a. Kuwait Instit Sci Res (KISR) 9362:1–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Hemoud A, Al-Dousari A, Al-Dashti H, Petrov P, Al-Saleh A, Al-Khafaji S, … Koutrakis P (2020) Sand and dust storm trajectories from Iraq Mesopotamian flood plain to Kuwait. Sci Total Environ 710:136291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136291

  • Al-Shemmari H, Al-Dousari A, Talebi L, Al-Ghadban A (2013) Mineralogical characteristics of surface sediments along Sulaibikhat Bay, Kuwait. Kuwait J Sci Eng 40(2):159–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Baghbanan P, Ghavidel Y, Farajzadeh M (2019) Spatial analysis of spring dust storms hazard in Iran. Theor Appl Climatol 139:1447–1457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-03060-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beyranvand A, Azizi G, Alizadeh-Choobari O, Darvishi Boloorani A (2019) Spatial and temporal variations in the incidence of dust events over Iran. Nat Hazards 97:229–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03637-w

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boloorani A, Nabavi S, Bahrami H, Mirzapour F, Kavosi M, Abasi E, Azizi R (2014) Investigation of dust storms entering Western Iran using remotely sensed data and synoptic analysis. J Environ Health Sci Eng 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201-014-0124-4

  • Boucher, O. (2015). Atmospheric Aerosols (propertise and climate impacts). Springer

  • Cao H, Liu J, Wang G, Yang G, Luo L (2015) Identification of sand and dust storm source areas in Iran. J Arid Land 7:567–578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-015-0127-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dehghani M, Valadan Zoej M, Hooper A, Hanssen R (2013) Hybrid conventional and persistent scatterer SAR interferometry for land subsidence monitoring in the Tehran Basin, Iran. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 79:157–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Tomaso E, Schutgens N, Jorba O, Perez Garcia-Pando C (2017) Assimilation of MODIS dark target and deep blue observations in the dust aerosol component of NMMB-MONARCH version 1.0. Geosci Model Dev 10(3):1–35. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1107-2017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Draxler R, Hess G (1997) Description of the HYSPLIT_4 modelling system. NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224, 1–28

  • Emadodin I, Reinsch T, Taube F (2019) Drought and Desertification in Iran. Hydrology 6(3):66. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology6030066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emery W, Camps A (2017) Introduction to Satellite Remote Sensing, 1st edn. Elsevier

  • ESA (2016) Sentinel-1 product definition. S1-RS-MDA-52-7440. European Space Agency

  • Hanssen R (2001) Radar interferometry: data interpretation and error analysis, 1st edn. Springer, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47633-9

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hooper A (2008) A multi-temporal InSAR method incorporating both persistent scatterer and small baseline approaches. Geophys Res Lett 35(L16302). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034654

  • Hsu N, Jeong M, Bettenhausen C, Sayer A, Hansell R, Seftor C, . . . Tsay S (2013) Enhanced deep blue aerosol retrieval algorithm: the second generation. J Geophys Res: Atmos 118:9296–9315

  • Islam T, Hu Y, Kokhanovsky A, Wang J (2018) Remote sensing of aerosols, clouds, and precipitation, 1st edn. Elsevier

  • Karydis V, Tsimpidi A, Bacer S, Pozzer A, Nenes A, Lelieveld J (2017) Global impact of mineral dust on cloud droplet number concentration. Atmos Chem Phys 17:5601–5621

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaskoutis D, Kambezidis D, Badarinath K, Kumar Kharol S (2010) Dust storm identification via satellite remote sensing. Nova Science Publishers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ketelaar V (2009) Satellite radar interferometry (subsidence monitoring techniques). Springer

  • Knippertz P, Stuut WJ (2014) Mineral dust, a key player in the earth system, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8978-3

  • Krueger B, Grassian V, Cowin J, Laskin A (2004) Heterogeneous chemistry of individual mineral dust particles from different dust source regions: the importance of particle mineralogy. Atmos Environ 38(36):6253–6261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lau KM, Kim MK, Sud YC, Walker GK (2009) A GCM study of the response of the atmospheric water cycle of West Africa and the Atlantic to Saharan dust radiative forcing. Ann Geophys 27:4023–4037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Middleton N (2019) Variability and trends in dust storm frequency on decadal timescales: climatic drivers and human impacts. Geosciences 9(6):261. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nabavi S, Haimberger L, Samimi C (2016) Climatology of dust distribution over West Asia from homogenized. Aeolian Res 12:93–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NDWMC, N. D (2014) Frequency of dust days in Iran during 1991–2013. Iran Meteorological Organization, Tehran

    Google Scholar 

  • Nezry E (2014) Adaptive speckle filtering in radar imagery. In: Holecz F, Pasquali P, Milisavljevic N, Closson D (eds) Land Applications of Radar Remote Sensing. Intech

  • Ohara SL, Clarke ML, Elatrash MS (2006) Field measurements of desert dust deposition in Libya. Atmos Environ 40(21):3881–3897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell JT, Chatziefthimiou A, Banack SA, Cox P, Metcalf J (2015) Desert crust microorganisms, their environment, and human health. J Arid Environ 112:127–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.11.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad S, Bruce L, Chanussot J (2011) Optical remote sensing : advances in signal processing and exploitation techniques. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14212-3

  • Rashki A, Kaskaoutis D, Francois P, Kosmopoulos P, Legrand M (2015) Dust-storm dynamics over Sistan region, Iran: seasonality, transport characteristics and affected areas. Aeolian Res 16:35–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rezazadeh M, Irannejad P, Shao Y (2013) Climatology of the Middle East dust events. Aeolian Res 10:103–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richards J (2009) Remote sensing with imaging radar. Springer

  • Rosen PY, Hensley S, Joughin I, Li F, Madsen S, Rodriguez E, Goldstein R (2000) Synthetic aperture radar interferometry. Proc IEEE 88(3):333–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sayer A, Munchak L, Hsu R, Levy R, Bettenhausen C, Jeong M-J (2014) MODIS collection 6 aerosol products: comparison between Aqua’s e-Deep Blue, Dark target, and “merged” data sets, and usage recommendations. J Geophys Res:Atmos 119(24):13965–13989

    Google Scholar 

  • Sivakumar M (2005) Impacts of sand storms/dust storms on agriculture. In: Sivakumar M, Motha R, Das H (eds) Natural disasters and extreme events in agriculture. Springer, Berlin, pp 159–177. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28307-2_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Solomos S, Ansmann A, Mamouri R, Binietoglou I, Patlakas P, Marinou E, Amiridis V (2017) Remote sensing and modelling analysis of the extreme dust storm hitting the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean in September 2015. Atmos Chem Phys 17:4063–4079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas D (2011) Aeolian landscapes and bedforms. In: Thomas D (ed) Arid zone geomorphology: process, form, 3rd edn. Wiley, pp 427–454

  • Touzi R, Lopes A, Bruniquel J, Vachon P (1999) Coherence estimation for SAR imagery. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 37(1):135–149

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai Y, Dietz A, Oppelt N, Kuenzar C (2019) Remote sensing of snow cover using Spaceborne SAR: A review. Remote Sens 11(8):1–44. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121456

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ulaby F, Long D (2014) Microwave radar and radiometric remote sensing. The University of Michigan Press

  • van der Does M, Knippertz P, Zschenderlein P, Giles Harrison R, Stuut J (2018) The mysterious long-range transport of giant mineral dust particles. Sci Adv 4(12):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2768

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xie Y, Zhang W, Qu J, J. (2017) Detection of Asian dust storm using MODIS measurements. Remote Sense 9(8):896. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9080869

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang B, Brauning A, Zhang Z, Zhibao D, Esper J (2007) Dust storm frequency and its relation to climate changes in northern China during the past 1000 years. Atmos Environ 41(40):9288–9299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ye B, Ji X, Yang H, Yao X, Chan C, Cadle S, . . . Mulawa P.A (2003) Concentration and chemical composition of PM2.5 in Shanghai for a 1-year period. Atmos Environ 37(4):49–510

Download references

Funding

This work is financially supported and performed under the auspices of the Iran National Science Foundation and the University of Tarbiat Modares in the program of postdoctoral research projects.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Remote Sensing, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Sharifikia

  2. Iran National Science Foundation and University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

    Fatemeh Rabbani

Authors
  1. Mohammad Sharifikia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Fatemeh Rabbani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fatemeh Rabbani.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Zhihua Zhang

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sharifikia, M., Rabbani, F. Source routing and detection of dust storm in the Salt Lake basin of Qom in Iran. Arab J Geosci 13, 678 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05596-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05596-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation