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Biochars evaluation for chromium pollution abatement in chromite mine wastewater and overburden of Sukinda, Odisha, India

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Abstract

The present work explored the prospect of corncob biochar (CCBC), Ipomoea biochar (IBC), and modified corncob biochar composites (MCBC) for abatement of Cr-polluted mine wastewater and overburden collected from Sukinda chromite mine, India. Biochars are produced through the thermo-chemical process at 300, 500, and 700 °C, and MCBC using 1 M FeSO4·7H2O at 800 °C. Synthetic Cr solutions (10–800 mg/L) batch adsorption experiments with varying pH (2 – 10), time (5 min – 48 h), and biochar doses (0.1–7 g/100 mL) ascertained Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm along with maximum Cr adsorption capacity. Subsequently, adsorptions of Cr from chromite mines wastewater by biochars were assessed. Also, the influence of biochars’ dose (1 and 5 % w/w) on water and plant available Cr in overburden was determined for 90 days timespan. Maximum Cr (VI) adsorption was relatively higher from synthetic Cr solution by MCBC (142.8 mg/g). Among biochars, MCBC also adsorbed comparatively higher Crtotal (> 90%) and Cr (VI) (> 75%) from all the three wastewater. MCBC reduced relatively higher water leachable (from 4.88 to 0.87 mg/L) and enhanced phytoavailable Cr fraction (5.73 to 7.41 mg/L) in overburden with a 5 % dose within 90 days. The MCBC larger surface area (308.37 m2 g−1), acidic pH (≤ 3), and presence of iron/sulfur (Fe/S) resulted in better Cr pollution reduction (higher adsorption and lower water leachability) and remediation (higher plant available fraction) potential. The research findings recommend utilization of MCBC for Cr pollution remediation in both chromite mine wastewater and overburden dump.

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Acknowledgment

The authors sincerely acknowledge the Center of Excellence for Water Quality Assessment (MLP-37 project) and Central Characterization Department of CSIR – IMMT for supporting sample analysis and characterizations. Authors also extend thanks to different chromite mining industries, especially Odisha Mining Corporation (OMC) for providing chromite overburden and mine wastewater samples. Authors acknowledge the support of Dr. C. R. Panda, Emeritus Scientist, and Dr. Dipti. P. Das, Sr. Scientist, during the research work.

Funding

Mrs. Sanghamitra Mohapatra extends indebtedness to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India, for providing the funding under INSPIRE Fellowship (No. DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2012, IF130029) for her PhD research work.

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  1. AcSIR – Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India

    Sanghamitra Mohapatra, Manish Kumar & Nabin Kumar Dhal

  2. CSIR – Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India

    Sanghamitra Mohapatra, Manish Kumar, Adnan Asad Karim & Nabin Kumar Dhal

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  1. Sanghamitra Mohapatra
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Mohapatra, S., Kumar, M., Karim, A.A. et al. Biochars evaluation for chromium pollution abatement in chromite mine wastewater and overburden of Sukinda, Odisha, India. Arab J Geosci 13, 586 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-05532-2

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