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Soft-sediment deformation: deep-water slope deposits of a back-arc basin (middle Eocene-Oligocene Kırkgeçit Formation, Elazığ Basin), Eastern Turkey

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Abstract

The Kırkgeçit Formation (middle Eocene-Oligocene) is exposed in an approximately E-W direction around the city of Elazığ, eastern Turkey. This unit represents marly and sandy deep-marine sediments deposited in a slope setting with channels and contain soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDSs). These SSDSs include slump folds, chaotic strata, load casts, flame structures, convolute laminations, clastic dykes, water-escape structures and syn-sedimentary faults. The main underlying deformation processes are liquefaction, fluidization and gravity-induced loading. Some of the SSDS could be interpreted as seismites, which originated due to earthquakes that also triggered high-density mass flows. This interpretation is consistent with the active tectonics in the Elazig back-arc basin. The SSDS in the study area are compared with SSDS in other regions, as well as with SSDS in other marine deposits. In this way, findings obtained from the study area are compared with SSDS at different locations in the marine Kırkgeçit Formation around Elazığ and with similar structures developed in marine settings worldwide, such as SE Crete and NW Africa.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to my colleague Ezher TAGLIASACCHI for English editing. We would like to thank the reviewers and editor who made constructive suggestions and contributions. This article is produced from Fırat ALTUN’s master’s thesis, which I supervised.

Funding

The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) provided funding for this study (Project no. 116Y017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Engineering, Fırat University, 23119, Elazığ, Turkey

    Calibe Koç-Taşgın

  2. Institute of Science, Fırat University, 23119, Elazığ, Turkey

    Fırat Altun

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  1. Calibe Koç-Taşgın
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  2. Fırat Altun
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Correspondence to Calibe Koç-Taşgın.

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Responsible Editor: Beatriz Badenas

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Koç-Taşgın, C., Altun, F. Soft-sediment deformation: deep-water slope deposits of a back-arc basin (middle Eocene-Oligocene Kırkgeçit Formation, Elazığ Basin), Eastern Turkey. Arab J Geosci 12, 773 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4872-4

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