Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Drought monitoring in the Lake Urmia basin in Iran

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Drought is a reptile phenomenon that is caused by rising temperatures and decreasing rainfall than normal. This phenomenon has a significant impact on the human lives and other organisms. We tried to study the drought status by using the MATLAB software and integrated SEPI in two 3- and 9-month scale in the lake of Urmia. For this purpose, we used the climate data of 5 synoptic stations of Lake Urmia (Tabriz, Maragheh, Urmia, Saghez, Mahabad). The findings of the study indicate that the Standardized Evapotranspiration and Precipitation Index (SEPI) reflects the characteristics of both the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Evapotranspiration Index (SEI) indicators, and also introduces the temperature as one of the effective parameters in the change of drought severity in drought conditions; therefore, the study of drought using SEPI is better than that using SPI. Drought investigation indicates that the drought trend is increasing based on SEPI in the Lake Urmia. Temperature is also increasing more intensively. The longest period of drought persistence occurred at the Urmia station on a 3-month scale from June to December 1995 to December 2016 for 24 months in the Lake Urmia basin. The highest drought incidence rate was observed at the Saghez station at the 3-month scale and the lowest in Maragheh.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aba A, Al-Dousari AM, Ismaeel A (2016) Depositional characteristics of 7 Be and 210 Pb in Kuwaiti dust. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 307(1):15–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Afrouz B, Ghaffari A, Heidari (2011) Providing appropriate pattern on leveling of performance of urban management in setting up for entrepreneurship development (case study: Ardabil City). Master’s Degree, Mohaghegh Ardabili University.

  • Ahmed DA, (2009) Current situation of the flora and vegetation of the western Mediterranean Desert of Egypt (Ph.D. Thesis), Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt, p. 234.

  • Ahmed M, Al-Dousari A (2015) Rehabilitation of artificial degraded playa using Palm Mat Water Conservation Techniques. J Agr Sci Technol A 5(2):90–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ajmi D, Misak R, Al-Dousari AM, Al-Enezi A (1994a) Impact of the Iraqi war machinery and ground fortifications on the surface sediments and aeolian processes in Kuwait. In: Proceedings of the international conference on the effect of the Iraqi aggression on the State of Kuwait, vol 3, Kuwait, pp Pp2–Pp6

  • Al-Ajmi D, Misak R, Khalaf FI, Al-Sudairawi M, Al-Dousari AM (1994b) Damage assessment of the desert and coastal environment of Kuwait by remote sensing. KISR, Final Report. K1SR, p 4405

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Awadhi JM, Al-Dousari AM (2013) Morphological characteristics and development of coastal nabkhas, north-east Kuwait. Int J Earth Sci 102(3):949–958

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Awadhi JM, Al-Dousari AM, Khalaf FI (2014) Influence of land degradation on the local rate of dust fallout in Kuwait. Atmospheric Climate Sci 4(03):437

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari AM, Pye K (2005) Mapping and monitoring of sand dunes in northwestern Kuwait. Kuwait J Sci Eng 32(2):119–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari AM (2005) Causes and indicators of land degradation in the north-western part of Kuwait. Arab Gulf J Sci Res (1989) 23(2):69–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Dousari A, Doronzo D, Ahmed M, (2017) Types, Indications and Impact Evaluation of Sand and Dust Storms Trajectories in the Arabian Gulf. Sustainability 9(9):1526. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091526.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ghadban AN, Al Dousary A, Jacob PG, Behbehani M, Cacers P (1998) Mineralogy, genesis and sources of surficial sediments in the ROPME Sea area. Tokyo University of Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan, pp 65–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ghadban AN, Uddin S, Beg MU, Al-Dousari AM, Gevao B, Al-Yamani F (2008) Ecological consequences of river manipulations and drainage of Mesopotamian marshes on the Arabian Gulf ecosystem: investigations on changes in sedimentology and environmental quality, with special reference to Kuwait Bay, vol 9362. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), pp 1–141

  • Alizadeh (2011) Applied hydrology principles. Imam Reza University Press. Press 30

  • Alizadeh S, Toosi A (2008) Development of a model for monitoring and forecasting drought (case study: Khorasan Razavi province). Journal of Science, Agricultural Industries, Water and Soil 22:235–223

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansari H, Davari K, Sanaie Nejad SH (2010) Drought monitoring using SEPI standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index, developed on the basis of fuzzy logic. Water Soil J (Agricultural Sciences and Technology) 24:38–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Arms K (1990) Environmental sciences. Staunders Collage Pub Florida

  • Bellu A, Sanches Fernandes LF, Cortes RMV, Pacheco FAL (2016) A framework model for the dimensioning and allocation of a detention basin system: the case of a flood-prone mountainous watershed. J Hydrol 533:567–580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blott S, Al-Dousari AM, Pye K, Say SE (2004) Three-dimensional characterization of sand grain shape and surface texture using a nitrogen gas adsorption technique. J Sediment Res 74(1):156–159. https://doi.org/10.1306/052403740156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chenari M (2005) Investigation on variation of some drought indices using markov chain in south alborz climate’s samples. Tehran University. M.Sc. Thesis, 159, (in Farsi).

  • Farajzadeh M, (2005) Drought from conception to solution, first edition, Geographic organization of the army press, Tehran.

  • Hadadi H, Heidari H (2016) Detection of the effect of precipitation fluctuations on surface runoff in the Lake Urmia basin. J Geogr Res Environ Plann:247–262

  • Hao Z, Hao F, Singh V, Xia Y, Xinyishen O (2016) A theoretical drought classification method for the multivariate drought index based on distribution properties of standardized drought indices. Adv Water Resour:240–247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang S, Hunger Q, Changa J, Zhua Y, Lengb G (2015) Drought structure based on a nonparametric multivariate standardized drought index across the Yellow River basin, China. J Hydrol 530:127–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang S, Huang Q, Chang J, Leng G (2016) Linkages between hydrological drought, climate indices and human activities, a case study in the Columbia River basin. Int J Climatol 36:280–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jafarnejad A, Kia SM (2011) Fuzzy logic in MATLAB. Green Computer Kian Publication, pp 157–180

  • Jain V, Pandey R, Jain M, Byun H-R (2015) Comparison of drought indices for appraisal of drought characteristics in the Ken River Basin. Weather Clim Extrem 8:1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jan Darmian Y, Shakiba A, Nasseri H (2015) Drought status study and its relationship with quantitative and qualitative changes in groundwater in the Sarab Plain. In: International Conference on Development on Agriculture, Environment and Tourism, Iran, Tabriz, pp 16–17

  • Jinum M, Kim Y, Kim J (2017) Evaluation historical drought characteristics simulated in Cordexast Asia against observations.

  • Joyzadeh S, Hejazi Zadeh Z (2010) Introduction to drought and its indicators, First Edition, Tehran, Organization for the Study and Compilation of Human Sciences Books of the Universities (Samt), 376.

  • Keta TB, Doesken NJ (1993) The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. Eight Conference on Applied Climatology. American Meteorological Society, Anaheim, CA, pp 179–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Khalighi Sigaroodi S, Sadegh sangdehi A, Avesta K, Ghavidel Rahimi Y (2009) The study of drought and wet year assessment models for stations in Mazandaran province. Iranian J Range Desert Res 16:44–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan NY, Saeed T, Al-Ghadban AN, Beg MU, Jacob PG, Al-Dousari AM, Al-Shemmari H, Al-Mutari M, Al-Obaid T, Al-Matrouk K (1999) Assessment of sediment quality in Kuwait’s territorial waters. In: Phase 1: Kuwait Bay. Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait

    Google Scholar 

  • Kheshtkari sanei S (2015) Drought study in West Azerbaijan province with SPI and GIS Index. In: International Conference on Agriculture, Environment and Tourism, Iran, Tabriz, pp 16–17

  • Kis A, Pongracz R, Bartholy J (2017) Multi-model analysis of regional dry and wet condition for the Carpathian region. Int J Climatol:4543–4560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niranjana Kumar K, Rajeevan M, Pai DS, Srivastava AK, Preethi B (2013) On the observed variability of monsoon droughts over India. Weather Clim Extrem 1:42–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2013.07.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu M, Xu X, Alexander YS, Wag K (2017) Decreasing spatial variability of drought in south-west China during 1959-2013. Int J Climatol:4610–4619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKee TB, Nolan JD, Kleist J (1993) The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. In: Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, vol 17. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, pp 179–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Mirabbasi Najaf Abadi R, Ahmadi F, Ashoori M, Nazeri Tahroodi M (2017) Analysis of northeastern droughts in Iran using the joint deficit index (JDI). J Eco-Hydrol 4:585–573

    Google Scholar 

  • Mo KC (2008) Model-based drought indices over the United States. J Hydrometeorol 9:1212–1230. https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM1002.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Modaresi rad A, Ghahramani B, Khalili D, Ghahramani Z, Ahmadi a S (2017) Integrated meteorological and hydrological drought model: a management tool for proactive water resources planning of semi-arid regions. Adv Water Resour:336–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montaseri M, Amir Ataei B (2016) Stochastic forecasting of drought probabilities (case study on Northwest of Iran). J Civil Environ Eng:45

  • Mosaedi AM, Marashi Q, Kavakebi (2009) A comparison investigation on drought in high and low precipitation regions (case study: Golestan province), agriculture sciences and natural resources Mag. 16th editions, NO.1a.

  • Mulchespeck (2007) Geographic information system and multi-criteria decision analysis, Translated by Akbar Parhizgar. Ata Ghafari Gilandeh. Samt Publication, Tehran

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer WC (1965) Meteorological drought. Res Iran J Irrig Drainage 8:845–856

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters E, Bier G, Lanen HA, Torfs P (2006) Propagation and spatial distribution of drought in a groundwater catchment. J Hydrol 321:257–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quesada B, Giuliano M, Asarre D, Rangecoft S and Vanloon A (2018) Hydrological change: toward a consistent approach to assessing changes in both floods and droughts, Advances in water resources, 31–35.

  • Rahnamaei MT (1992) Iranian Environmental Potentials, Publications Center for Urbanization and Architecture Studies and Research, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran.

  • Safari A, Soleiman Jahi H, Fallahi S, Riahi Madvar H, Meshkat Z (2004) The application of the new intelligent adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) in the prediction of human papillomavirus oncogenicity potency. Arak Medical University Journal, pp 95–105

  • Salajegheh A, Fathabadi A (2009) Estimation of the suspended sediment loud of Karaj River using fuzzy logic and neural network, Journal of Range and Watershed Management 62(2):271–282 (In Persian)

  • Sanches Fernandes LF, Terêncio DPS, Pacheco FAL (2015) Rainwater harvesting systems for low demanding applications. Sci Total Environ 529:91–100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sari-Saraf B, Vaezihir A, Valaei A, Abtahi V (2017) Detection of meteorological and hydrological droughts in the south east of Lake Urmia. J Environ Risks 5:42–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setiawan AM, Woo S, Rhee JY (2017) International journal of climatology, pp 4700–4719

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd G, Terradellas E, Baklanov A, Kang U, Sprigg WA, Nickovic S, Boloorani AD, Al-Dousari AM, Basart S, Benedetti A, Sealy A, Tong D, Zhang X, Guillemot JS, Kebin Z, Knippertz P, Mohammed AAA, Al-Dabbas M, Cheng L, Otani SH, Wang F, Zhang C, Ryoo SB, Cha J (2016) Global assessment of sand and dust storms. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP, Nairobi

    Google Scholar 

  • Sobhani B, Ghafari Gilandeh A, Goldost A (2016) Drought monitoring in Ardabil province using the developed SEPI index based on fuzzy logic. J Appl Geosci Res 15:51–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Spinoni j, Naumann G, Vogt j, Barbosa P (2015) The biggest drought events in Europe from 1950-2012. J Hydrol: Regional 3:509–524

    Google Scholar 

  • Stairs G, Vangelis H (2004) Towards a drought watch system based on spatial SPI. J Water Resour Manag 18:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terêncio DPS, Sanches Fernandes LF, Cortes RMV, Moura JP, Pacheco FAL (2018) Rainwater harvesting in catchments for agro-forestry uses: a study focused on the balance between sustainability values and storage capacity. Sci Total Environ 613–614:1079–1092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terêncio DPS, Sanches Fernandes LF, Cortes RMV, Pacheco FAL (2017) Improved framework model to allocate optimal rainwater harvesting sites in small watersheds for agro-forestry uses. J Hydrol 550:318–330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Touma D, Ashfaq M, Nayak M, Kao S-C, Diffenbaugh N (2015) A multi-model and multi-index evaluation of drought characteristics in the 21st century. J Hydrol 526:196–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Chen W (2014) A CMIP5 multimodel projection of future temperature, precipitation, and climatological drought in China. Int J Climatol 34:2059–2078. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhite DA (2000) Drought: a global assessment. Routledge Press, London and NewYork, I

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong G, Lambert MF, Leonard M, Metcalfe AV (2010) Drought analysis using trivariate copulas conditional on Climatic states. J Hydrol Eng 15:129–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeinali B, Asghari Saraskanrood S, Safariyan Zangir V (2017) Drought monitoring and assessment of its prediction in Lake Urmia Basin using SPI and ANFIS. J Environ Hazards Spatial Anal:73–96

  • Zeinali B, Safariyen-Zangir V (2017) Drought monitoring in Lake Urmia basin using fuzzy index. J Nat Hazards 6:37–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeleke TT, Giorgi F, Diro GT, Zaitchik BF (2017) Trend and periodicity of drought over Ethiopia. Int J Climatol:4733–4748

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao M, Running SW (2010) Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009. Science 329:940–943

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. K. Kianian.

Additional information

Editorial handling: Fernando António Leal Pacheco

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sobhani, B., Zengir, V.S. & Kianian, M.K. Drought monitoring in the Lake Urmia basin in Iran. Arab J Geosci 12, 448 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4571-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4571-1

Keywords

Navigation