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The oceanic anoxic event 2 at Es Souabaa (Tebessa, NE Algeria): bio-events and stable isotope study

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Abstract

At the southern margin of the Tethys, the Es Souabaa area recorded traces of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) around the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary (C/Tb). The dark, laminated, filament- and pyrite-bearing limestones represent the typical facies of this event. In terms of sedimentary environment, these features reflect a transgressive drowning that had induced hypoxia in these sedimentary environments. Such conditions favored the deposition and preservation of organic matter of marine origin, the distribution of which was controlled by paleogeography and halokinetic tectonics at that period. The OAE2 reached a climax between the last upper Cenomanian occurrence of Rotalipora cushmani and the lower Turonian occurrence of Whiteinella praehelvetica. Positive shift of the δ13C excursion along with relatively high total organic carbon (TOC) contents during OAE2 both indicate palaeo-environmental modifications enhanced by a significant change in primary marine productivity. Meanwhile, negative δ18O peaks in carbonates reflect increasing temperatures. Comparison of the data from this study with those from the neighboring Kalaat Senan section (Tunisia) suggests close similarities of events, although OAE2 is much more enhanced in Algeria.

Située sur la marge méridionale de la Téthys, la zone d’Es Souabaa porte les traces de l’évènement anoxique océanique 2 (EAO 2) au passage Cénomanien-Turonien. Les calcaires sombres, laminés, en plaquettes et à filaments, accompagnés de pyrite, constituent le faciès type de cet évènement. En termes de milieux de dépôt, ce faciès est l’expression d’un approfondissement du milieu lié à une transgression induisant une sous-oxygénation du milieu. Ces conditions ont favorisé le dépôt et la conservation de matière organique d’origine essentiellement marine; sa distribution dépend essentiellement de la paléogéographie et de la tectonique halocinétique dans la région. L’EAO 2 y est à son paroxysme entre la dernière occurrence de Rotalipora cushmani au Cénomanien supérieur et l’apparition des Whiteinella praehelvetica au Turonien inférieur. L’excursion positive du δ13C, ainsi que les teneurs élevées en carbone organique total (COT), au cours de l’EAO 2 indiquent des modifications paléo-environnementales exacerbées par une productivité primaire marine importante. L’excursion négative du δ18O des carbonates traduit, quant à elle, une augmentation des paléo-températures. La comparaison des données d’Es Souabaa avec celles connues à Kalaat Senan (en Tunisie), montre d’étroites similitudes avec une exacerbation de l’EAO 2 du côté algérien.

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Acknowledgements

SS-L and RL wish to express their gratitude to the University Badji Mokhtar Annaba for short-period grants to the Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Glasgow, Scotland. The authors also express their sincere thanks to T. Donnelly, A. Tait, and J. Dougans of the Isotope Geosciences Unit (SUERC) for the isotope analysis and their technical support. They are also grateful to Pr. Salah Bouhlel for the TOC analysis and his valuable help during completion of this work. Two anonymous reviewers are particularly thanked for their comments on the early version of the manuscript.

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  1. Département de Géologieoverall scope of tracing the various, Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Laboratoire de Recherche en Géologie (LRG), B.P. 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria

    Sihem Salmi-Laouar

  2. Dame du Lac 213, 3 rue Henri Barbusse, F-76300, Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France

    Bruno Ferré

  3. Département de Géologie, Université de Batna Hadj Lakhder, Batna, Algeria

    Khoudair Chaabane

  4. Département de Géologie, Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, B.P. 12, 23000 Annaba and Laboratoire de Géodynamique, Géologie de l’Ingénieur et Planétologie, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria

    Rabah Laouar

  5. Isotope Geosciences Unit, S.U.E.R.C, East Kilbride, Glasgow, Scotland, G75 0QF, UK

    Adrian J. Boyce & Anthony E. Fallick

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Salmi-Laouar, S., Ferré, B., Chaabane, K. et al. The oceanic anoxic event 2 at Es Souabaa (Tebessa, NE Algeria): bio-events and stable isotope study. Arab J Geosci 11, 182 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3509-3

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