Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Facies architectural analysis and three-dimensional modeling of Wen79 fault block, Wenliu oilfield, Dongpu depression, China

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Wenliu oilfield is one of those typically structural reservoirs in Dongpu depression in China. Wen79 fault block is located in the south of Wenliu oilfield. Nowadays, it has entered the secondary oil recovery stage with a high water cut. Accumulated repository from long-term exploration and production makes the opportunity to fulfill a fine description of Wen79 fault block optimistic. Eight basic lithofacies types (Gt, St, Sp, Sl, Sh, Sr, Fl, Fm) were identified through core observation, and brief description and interpretation were given to each lithofacies. Assemblages of associated facies were arranged into four specified architectural elements (channel fill, proximal overbank, distal overbank, and shallow lake). For the purpose of quantified reservoir physical property characterization, a three-dimensional (3-D) architectural element model was firstly constructed by using the stochastic reservoir modeling technique, truncated Gaussian simulation (TGS). Subsequently, we used the sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) method to capture probable distributions of reservoir porosity and permeability with the help of facies-controlled method. Meanwhile, non-facies-controlled physical property models were also built for a comparative study. Analysis of both kinds of models indicates that the facies-controlled physical property model is more reliable.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aadil N, Sohail GM (2014) 3D geological modeling of Punjab platform, Middle Indus Basin Pakistan through integration of wireline logs and seismic data. J Geol Soc India 83:211–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen JRL (1982) Sedimentary structures: their character and physical basis Vol. II. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 663

  • Ashley GM (1990) Classification of large-scale sub-aqueous bedforms: a new look at an old problem. J Sediment Petrol 60:160–172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basilone L et al (2016) The relationships between soft-sediment deformation structures and synsedimentary extensional tectonics in Upper Triassic deep-water carbonate succession (southern Tethyan rifted continental margin—central Sicily). Sediment Geol. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2016.01.010

    Google Scholar 

  • Bentham PA, Talling PJ, Burbank DW (1993) Braided stream and flood-plain deposition in a rapidly aggrading basin: the Escanilla formation, Spanish Pyrenees. Braided Rivers. In: Best JL, Bristow CS (Eds.) Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ 75:177–194

  • Bigi S, Conti A, Casero P, Ruggiero L, Recanati R, Lipparini L (2012) Geological model of the central Periadriatic basin (Apennines, Italy). Mar Pet Geol 42:107–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boisvert JB, Deutsch CV (2011) Programs for kriging and sequential Gaussian simulation with locally varying anisotropy using non-Euclidean distances. Comput Geosci 37:495–510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bongiolo DE, Scherer CMS (2010) Facies architecture and heterogeneity of the fluvial-aeolian reservoirs of the Sergi formation (Upper Jurassic), Recôncavo Basin, NE Brazil. Mar Pet Geol 27:1885–1897

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cai XY (1997) The study on diagenetic facies patter for Block 133 in Wennan Oilfield. Fault-Block Oil &Gas Field 4:33–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen SP, Qi JF, Chen XS (2006) Category of fault block Group in the Rift Basin: example from Dongpu depression. Acta Pet Sin 13:1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collinson JD (1996) Alluvial Sediments. In: Reading HG (ed) Sedimentary environments and facies, 3rd edn. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 37–82

    Google Scholar 

  • Damsleth E, Charlottle B (1992) A two-stage stochastic model applied to North Sea reservoir. J Pet Geol 44:402–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Damsleth E, Omre H (1997) Geostatistical approaches in reservoir evaluation. J Pet Technol 49:498–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch CV (2000) Integration of geological, geophysical, and historical production data in geostatistical reservoir modeling. Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysicists Annual Meeting Abstracts

  • Deutsch CV, Tran TT (2002) FLUVSIM: a program for object based stochastic modeling of fluvial depositional systems. Comput Geosci 28:525–535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsch CV, Wang L (1996) Hierarchical object-based stochastic modeling of fluvial reservoirs. Math Geol 28:857–880

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emery X, Peláez M (2011) Assessing the accuracy of sequential Gaussian simulation and cosimulation. Comput Geosci 15:673–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksson PG, Condie KC, Trisgaard H, Muller W, Altermann W, Catuneanu O, Chiarenzali J (1998) Precambrian clastic sedimentation systems. Sediment Geol 120:5–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fachri M, Tveranger J, Braathen A, Schuerller S (2013) Sensitivity of fluid flow to deformation-band damage zone heterogeneities: a study using fault facies and truncated Gaussian simulation. J Struct Geol 52:60–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fielding CR, Ashworth PJ, Best JL, Prokocki EW, Smith GHS (2012) Tributary, distributary and other fluvial patterns: what really represents the norm in the continental rock record? Sediment Geol 261-262:15–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Friend PF (1966) Clay fractions and colours of some Devonian red beds in the Catskill Mountains, USA. Quart J Geol Soc London 122:273–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gao HC, Zheng RC, Chen YL, Han FM, Liu Y (2011a) Sequence stratigraphy of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Dongpu Sag. Bohai Bay Basin Oil & Gas Geology 32:839–850

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao HC, Zheng RC, Chen FL, Zhu DF, Liu XY (2011b) Features of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the northern Dongpu Sag. Geol China 38:356–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Ge HX (1993) Salt structures in the Meso-Cenozoic basins in China—a review (abs). Geological Society of America Abstract with Program p 25

  • Ge HX, Jackson MPA, Vendeville BC (1997) Structural evolution of the Wenliu salt diaper and graben, Bohai Bay. Acta Pet Sin 18:35–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazi S, Mountney NP (2009) Facies and architectural element analysis of a meandering uvial succession: the Permian Warchha Sandstone, Salt Range, Pakistan. Sediment Geol 221:99–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goovaerts P, Journel GA (1996) SPE Stanford Center for Reservoir Forecasting, Stanford University accounting for local probabilities in stochastic modeling of facies data. SPE J 29230:21–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guan SW, He DF (2011) Theories and technical frameworks of complex structural modeling. Acta Pet Sin 32:991–1000

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guan SW, Chen ZX, Li BL (2010) Discussion on the character and interpretation model of Kelasu deep structures in the Kuqa area. Pet Explor Dev 37:531–536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haldorsen H, Damsleth E (1990) Stochastic modeling. J Pet Technol 42:404–412

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hjellbakk A (1997) Facies and fluvial architecture of a high-energy braided river: the Upper Proterozoic Seglodden Member, Varanger Peninsula, northern Norway. Sediment Geol 114:131–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holden L, Hauge R, Skare O, Skorstad A (1998) Modeling of fluvial reservoirs with object models. Math Geol 30:473–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hou JG (2000) An analysis of sedimentary microfacies and production response for the lower part of the second shahejie sub-member in Block Wen79 in the south of Wenliu oil field Petroleum

  • Houseknecht DW (1987) Assessing the relative importance of compactional processes and cementation to the reduction of porosity in sandstones. AAPG Bull 71:633–642

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang YQ, Zhang CM, Tan H, Dou HC (2004) Relationship between sedimentary microfacies and oil-bearing probability of lower Es2 in Wen79 block of Wenliu area petroleum. Geology and Recovery Efficiency 11:36–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang ZX (2003) Sedimentary Petroleum Industry Press, Beijing pp 78–86 (In Chinese)

  • Jo HR, Chough SK (2001) Architectural analysis of fluvial sequences in the northwestern part of Kyongsang Basin (Early Cretaceous), SE Korea. Sediment Geol 144:307–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones RR, McCaffrey KJW, Clegg P, Wilson RW, Holliman NS, Holdsworth RE, Imber J, Waggott S (2009) Integration of regional to outcrop digital data: 3D visualization of multi-scale geological models. Comput Geosci 35:4–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Journel AG, Isaaks EH (1984) Conditional indicator simulation: application to a Saskatchew uranium deposit. Math Geol 16:685–718

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keogh JK, Martinius AW, Osland R (2007) The development of fluvial stochastic modelling in the Norwegian oil industry: a historical review, subsurface implementation and future directions. Sediment Geol 202:249–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohshour IO, Ahmadi M, Hanks C (2014) Integrated geologic modeling and reservoir simulation of Umiat: a frozen shallow oil accumulation in national petroleum reserve of Alaska. Journal of Unconventional Oil and Resources 6:4–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ledru P (2001) The Cadomian crust of Brittany (France): 3D imagery from multisource data (Géofrance 3D). Tectonophysics 331:300–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li SH, Zhang CM, Yin YS (2003) Several stochastic modeling methods for fluvial reservoirs. Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute (Natural Science Edition) 18:10–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Zhang JL, Yuan Y, Li CL, Meng NN (2013) Sequence stratigraphic analysis and integrated 3D geological modeling of M1 block, Wenmingzhai oilfield, Dongpu depression, China. Cent Eur J Geosci 5:374–386

    Google Scholar 

  • Lima RD, De Ros LF (2002) The role of depositional setting and diagenesis on the reservoir quality of Devonian sandstones from the Solimões Basin. Brazilian Amazonia Marine and Petroleum Geology 19:1047–1071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu MY (1984) Pattern of oil and gas accumulation in the Dongpu depression. Acta Pet Sin 5:19–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu XN, Li K, Zhang P, Zhou KB (2014) Permeability estimation using relaxation time spectra derived from differential evolution inversion. J Geophys Eng 11:015006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Z (2011) Uncertainty analysis in well log and petrophysical interpretations. AAPG Special Volumes 96:17–28

  • Maizels J (1993) Lithofacies variations within sandur deposits: the role of runoff regime, flow dynamics and sediment supply characteristics. Sediment Geol 85:299–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miall AD (1977) A review of the braided-river depositional environment. Earth-Sci Rev 13:1–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miall AD (1996) The geology of fluvial deposits: sedimentary facies, basin analysis, and petroleum geology. Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 582

    Google Scholar 

  • Nazarpour A, Shadizadeh SR, Zargar G (2014) Geostatistical modeling of spatial distribution of porosity in the Asmari Reservoir of Mansuri oil field in Iran. Pet Sci Technol 32:1274–1282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Passchier CW, Exner U (2010) Digital mapping in structural geology—examples from Namibia and Greece. Journal Geological Society of India 75:32–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pazetti B, Davolio A, Schiozer DJ (2015) The impact of rock and fluid uncertainties in the estimation of saturation and pressure from a 4D petro elastic inversion. J Geophys Eng 12:686–701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poblet J, McClay K, Storti F, Muñoz JA (1997) Geometries of syntectonic sediments associated with single layer detachment folds. J Struct Geol 19:369–381

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qi XY, Huang XX, Shou JX (1992) The relation of salt deposits to oil and gas accumulation in Dongpu depression. Acta Pet Sin 13:23–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Qi LS, Carr TR, Goldstein RH (2007) Geostatistical three-dimensional modeling of oolite shoals, St Louis Limestone, southwest Kansas. AAPG Bull 91:69–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sala P, Frehner M, Tisato N, Pfiffner OA (2013) Building a three-dimensional near-surface geologic and petrophysical model based on borehole data: a case study from Chémery, Paris Basin, France. AAPG Bull 97:1303–1324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schober A, Exner U (2011) 3D structural modelling of an outcrop-scale fold train using photogrammetry and GPS mapping. Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 104:73–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Sellwood BW (1971) The genesis of some sideritic beds in the Yorkshire Lias (England). J Sediment Petrol 41:854–858

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spilsbury-Schakel JA (2006) Quality control of static reservoir models: Asia Pacific Oil & Gas. Conference and Exhibition. SPE101875:1–6

  • Strebelle S (2002) Conditional simulation of complex geological structures using multiple-point statistics. Math Geol 34:1–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun ZQ, Zhang JL, Fan ZL, Liu LL, Xue HH, Yu T (2015) Sedimentary microfacies in the lower 2nd member of Shahejie Formation in the Wen79 block of the Wennan Oilfield in Dongpu depression. China. Sciencepaper 10(15):1839–1844 PP 1849

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor TR, Giles MR, Hathon LA, Diggs TN, Braunsdorf NR, Birbiglia GV, Kittridge MG, Macaulay CI, Espejo IS (2010) Sandstone diagenesis and reservoir quality prediction: models, myths, and reality. AAPG Bull 94:1093–1132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor TR, Kittridge MG, Winefield BLT, Bonnell LM (2015) Reservoir quality and rock properties modeling-Triassic and Jurassic sandstones, greater shearwater area, UK. Central North Sea Marine and Petroleum Geology 65:1–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wakefield OJW, Hough E, Peatfield AW (2015) Architectural analysis of a Triassic fluvial system: the Sherwood Sandstone of the East Midlands Shelf. UK 327:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Weissmann GS, Hartley AJ, Nichols G, Scuderi LA, Olson M, Buehler H, Banteah R (2010) Fluvial form in modern continental sedimentary basins: distributive fluvial systems. Geology 38:39–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xie YG, Guo JH, Jiang XQ, Zhang CH (2003) Discussion on the contact relationship between Sha2 member and Sha3 member in Dongpu sag. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency 10:3–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Xue HH, Zhang JL, Li JH, Sun ZQ, Yu T, GQ W (2015) High-resolution sequence stratigraphic model of Es22 in W79 block, Dongpu depression. China. Sciencepaper 10:1752–1756

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang SG (2003) Structural characteristics of Paleozoic and geological significance of oil and gas of Dongpu depression. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology 13:97–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang Q, Qi JF, Cheng XS, Neng Y, Xie C, Xu ZQ (2006) Distribution of original stratigraphic thickness of each member in the Paleogene and its tectonopalaeogeographic implication in Dongpu Sag, Henan Province. J Palaeogeogr 8:407–413

    Google Scholar 

  • Yarus JM, Chambers RL (2006) Practical geostatistics—an armchair overview for petroleum reservoir engineer. SPE. 103357:78–87

  • Yin YS, Zhang CM, Li WG, Li SH (2011) A new postprocessing method for reservoir stochastic modeling: a solution based on information degree. Comput Geosci 37:1616–1621

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zaleha MJ (1997) Fluvial and lacustrine palaeoenvironment of the Miocene Siwalik Group, Khaur area, northern Pakistan. Sedimentology 44:349–368

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JL, Qin LJ, Zhang ZJ (2008) Depositional facies, diagenesis and their impact on the reservoir quality of Silurian sandstones from Tazhong area in central Tarim Basin, western China. Journal of Asian Earth Science 33:42–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang PH, Zhang JL, Ren WW, Xie J, Li M, Li JZ, Ding F, Wang JK, Dong ZR (2013b) Identification of waterflooded zones and the impact of waterflooding on reservoir properties of the Funing Formation in the Subei Basin China. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 14:147–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng HW (2002a) Sequence stratigraphic methodologies of Paleogene in Dongpu sag. Acta Pet Sin 23:24–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng WH (2002b) Fault activity of Western Slope Belt and its controlling on sedimentation in Dongpu depression. Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute 24:26–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou SQ, Pan DX, Yang YG, Zeng XL (2002) Analysis of structure feature and forming mechanism of Wennan Oilfield fault-block. Oil &Gas Field 9:30–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu XM, Xin QL, Liu ZR (1993) Paleogene depositional systems and oil-gas evaluation in areas south of the Yellow River in the Dongpu depression. Geological Review 39:248–258

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This paper is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Shandong province postdoctoral innovation project special funds (no. 201306069), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 41502100). The authors thank SINOPEC Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploitation Bureau Geoscience Institute for supplying researching data and offering convenience for observing the cores.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    L onglong Liu, Jinliang Zhang, Ruoshan Wang, Jiaqi Guo & Shasha Liu

  2. College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266510, China

    Jinkai Wang, Zhongqiang Sun, Guangqun Wang & Cunlei Li

  3. College of Mining Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 06300, China

    Jiangtao Yu

  4. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Penghui Zhang

Authors
  1. L onglong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jinliang Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ruoshan Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jinkai Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jiangtao Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhongqiang Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Guangqun Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jiaqi Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Shasha Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Penghui Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Cunlei Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jinliang Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, L.o., Zhang, J., Wang, R. et al. Facies architectural analysis and three-dimensional modeling of Wen79 fault block, Wenliu oilfield, Dongpu depression, China. Arab J Geosci 9, 714 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2749-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2749-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation