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Petrology of Eocene volcanic rocks from the Central Sakarya Zone (northwestern Anatolia, Turkey): new evidence from Ar-Ar and Sr-Nd isotope determinations

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Abstract

In this study, petrological characteristics of the Early-Middle Eocene Bozaniç volcanic rocks resulting from the closure of the Neotethys Ocean in the Central Sakarya region and geodynamic evolution of the Eocene magmatism in the region were investigated. Although previous researchers attained insightful findings about the geodynamic evolution of the region, the age of the post-collisional volcanism, petrological characteristics, and source of the magma remain uncertain. Therefore, volcanic rocks outcropping nearby Sarıcakaya-Mihalgazi (Eskişehir) are investigated in this study. For that purpose, geological map of the study area was drawn and mineralogical, petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic analyses were performed on rock samples collected from different locations. Bozaniç volcanic rocks outcropping as lavas and pyroclastics (agglomerate, lapillistone, and tuff) seem to be derived from four separate volcanic chimneys located in the study area and their composition are typically andesite. According to petrographic data, hypocrystalline porphyritic and microlitic porphyritic are the dominant textures of the rocks. Plagioclase, amphibole, clinopyroxene, and biotite are the main minerals, while sanidine, opaque minerals, chalcedony, calcite, and chlorite can also be observed in small amounts. Geochemically, they show calc-alkaline characteristics and contain medium-high K. Fractional crystallization is the most important process in the development of the rocks. Bozaniç volcanic rocks were derived from a lithospheric mantle source that developed in the active continental margin. According to 40Ar/39Ar age spectra of the samples, the ranges of 48.13 ± 0.15–48.78 ± 0.23 Ma plateau ages were obtained. (87Sr/86Sr) i ratios of the rocks range between 0.705404 and 0.705502, while (143Nd/144Nd) i ratios range between 0.512570 and 0.512581. Consequently, the age data obtained in this study show that the formation time of the first products of the post-collisional volcanism be as early as the Early Eocene and the presence of those is important in terms of the elucidation of geodynamic evolution of the region.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank Balıkesir University Scientific Research Projects Unit, TUBITAK, and YOK for their financial supports. I am also thankful to Tanya Furman (Pennsylvania State University), Alberto Patino Douce (University of Georgia) and Mike Roden (University of Georgia) for their valuable knowledge, experience, comments, and suggestions to develop this article. I also would like to express my gratitude to Mehmet Zeki Billor (Auburn University) for his efforts to Ar/Ar dating, Drew Coleman (North Carolina Univeristy) for radiogenic isotope analyses, Chris Fleisher (University of Georgia) for his valuable knowledge and experience for mineral chemistry analyses, and Ismail Altin and Olcay Ozbay for their great contributions during the fieldwork. I also would like to thank Elsevier Language Editing Services for editing this article exhaustively.

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  1. Department of Geological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Arhitecture, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey

    Gökhan Büyükkahraman

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  1. Gökhan Büyükkahraman
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Correspondence to Gökhan Büyükkahraman.

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Funding

This study consists of a part of the doctoral thesis of the author, which was financially supported by the Balıkesir University Scientific Research Projects Department (BAU-BAP) with Project No: 2012/84 and Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with Project No: 112Y383. In addition, the author received a scholarship within the scope of doctoral research fellowship from the Turkey Higher Education Council (YOK) to in order to make scientific investigation and research at the University of Georgia (USA) for 6 months.

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Büyükkahraman, G. Petrology of Eocene volcanic rocks from the Central Sakarya Zone (northwestern Anatolia, Turkey): new evidence from Ar-Ar and Sr-Nd isotope determinations. Arab J Geosci 9, 675 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2707-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2707-0

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