Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A progressive transmission strategy for GIS vector data under the precondition of pixel losslessness

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Arabian Journal of Geosciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It is well known that the final results of geographic information system (GIS) mapping are composed of rasterized pixels in most display devices. Based on this, pixel equivalence is proposed as two vector data that can produce the same raster image on a device under the same mapping processes and parameters. Moreover, if between the two data, one is considered the original data and the other is its reduced-quantity version, then the latter can be regarded as pixel losslessness relative to the former. In this case, the reduced-quantity version can be used instead of the original data to produce the same result from the perspective of visualization. The aim of this article is to explore how to produce the transmitted data, including an initial code and a series of increments that are used for progressive transmission, to retain pixel losslessness. By illustrating that the vector data can be represented by a vertex or ordered sequence of vertices, this article introduces the detailed concepts of pixel equivalence and pixel losslessness of vector data. Then, the requirements for pixel equivalence between two vertices are deduced by analyzing the coordinate transform processes under specific assumptions. The method to generate an initial code and a series of increments related to a single vertex is proposed to produce vertices that are pixel equivalence to the original vertex under different coordinate transform processes. By discussing the traversing mode of the ordered sequence of vertices based on quadtree cells, a coding algorithm is proposed to develop the progressive transmission related to the multi-vertex and to generate reduced-quantity versions to retain pixel losslessness. Finally, experiments are designed to demonstrate that, under the precondition of pixel losslessness, the proposed progressive transmission method can significantly reduce the amount of transmitted data in the network environment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig.e 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdelfattah MA, Kumar AT (2014) A web-based GIS enabled soil information system for the United Arab Emirates and its applicability in agricultural land use planning. Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1289-y

  • Ai TH, Li ZL, Liu Y L (2005) Progressive transmission of vector data based on changes accumulation model. Developments in Spatial Data Handling: 11th International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Springer, Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, pp.85-96

  • Ai T H, Li JZ (2009) Progressive transmission and visualization of vector data over web. http://www.asprs.org/a/publications/proceedings/baltimore09/0004.pdf Accessed 22th, Nov2013

  • Bagherzadeh A, Daneshvar MRM (2013) Mapping of landslide hazard zonation using GIS at Golestan watershed, northeast of Iran. Arab J Geosci 6(9):3377–3388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bertolotto M, Egenhofer MJ (1999) Progressive vector transmission. http://www.spatial.maine.edu/~max/acmgis99-progressive.pdf. Accessed 11th, Aug 2013

  • Bertolotto M, Egenhofer MJ (2001) Progressive transmission of vector map data over the world wide web. GeoInformatica 5(5):345–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buttenfield BP (2002) Transmitting vector geospatial data across the Internet. In: Geographic Information Science. Springer, pp.51-64

  • Corcoran P, Mooney P (2011) Topologically consistent selective progressive transmission. In: Advancing Geoinformation Science for a Changing World. Springer, pp 519-538

  • Corcoran P, Mooney P, Bertolotto M, Winstanley A (2011) View-and scale-based progressive transmission of vector data. In: Computational Science and Its Applications-ICCSA 2011. Springer, pp.51-62

  • Corcoran P, Mooney P, Winstanley A, Bertolotto M (2011) Effective vector data transmission and visualization using HTML5. http://www.cs.nuim.ie/~padraigc/papers/GISRUK2011_Corcoran_2011.pdf Accessed 11th, Aug 2013

  • Costa DC, Teixeira MM, Paiva ACD, Baptista CDS (2007) A service-oriented architecture for progressive transmission of maps. In: GeoInfo, pp.97–108

  • Dong WH (2008) Generating on-demand web mapping through progressive generalization. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=05070332 Accessed 11th, Aug 2013

  • Elangovan K (2006) GIS: fundamentals. applications and implementations. New India Publishing, India, 208p

    Google Scholar 

  • Green DR (1993) Map output from geographic information and digital image processing systems: a cartographic problem. Cartographic J 30(2):91–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han Q, Bertolotto M (2003) A prototype for progressive vector transmission with an oracle spatial environment. In: Proceedings of GIS Research UK 11th Annual Conference, 2003

  • Han H, Tao V, Wu H (2003) Progressive vector data transmission. In: Proceedings of the 6th AGILE, Lyon, France, pp.103-113

  • Mackaness WA, Ruas A, Sarjakoski LT, (eds.)(2007) Generalisation of geographic information: cartographic modelling and applications. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 386 pp

  • Magesh NS, Chandrasekar N, Kaliraj S (2013) Mapping of heavy mineral placers through marine GIS expert system: a case study in Kalaignanapuram coastal stretch, southeast coast of Tamil Nadu. India Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-013-0968-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Pradhan B, Kumar S, Mansor S, Ramli AR, Shariff A (2006) Spatial data compression and denoising via wavelet transformation. Appl GIS 2(1):6.1–6.16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penna GD (2005) A type system for static and dynamic checking of C++ pointers. Comput Lang Syst Str 31(2):71–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Perron J (2009). The future of web mapping. http://www.nsimtech.com/the-future-of-web-mapping/ Accessed 11th, Nov 2013

  • Ramachandran M, Sabarathinam C, Ulaganthan K, Paluchamy A, Sivaji M, Hameed S (2012) Mapping of fluoride ions in groundwater of Dindigul district, Tamilnadu, India—using GIS technique. Arab J Geosci 5(3):433–439

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan D (2011) History of computer graphics: Dlr Associates Series. AuthorHouse, Bloomington, USA, 412p

    Google Scholar 

  • Sester M, Brenner C (2004) Continuous generalization for visualization on small mobile devices. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F3-540-26772-7_27#page-1 Accessed 11th, Nov 2013

  • Sester M, Brenner C (2009) A vocabulary for a multiscale process description for fast transmission and continuous visualization of spatial data. Comput Geosci-Uk 35:2177–2184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shirley P, Ashikhmin M, Marschn S (2009) Fundamentals of computer graphics (third edition). A K Peters Ltd, London, 805p

    Google Scholar 

  • Taleb-Ouibrahim ZO, Benali H, Medini S, Belmouhoub A (2013) Developing a geographic information system (GIS) for mapping and analyzing the polymetallic deposits of M’Sirda volcanic province. Northwest Algeria Arab J Geosci. doi:10.1007/s12517-013-0968-4

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiede C, Schumann H, Rosenbaum R (2009) On-the-fly device adaptation using progressive contents. http://www.informatik.uni-rostock.de/~sanction/publications/Rosenbaum-IMC09.pdf Accessed 11th, Nov 2013

  • Velho L, Frery AC, Gomes J, Levy S (2008) Image processing for computer graphics and vision (Texts in Computer Science). Springer, Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 462 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Waters NM (1981) A review of what is available and what is useful for exploration purposes. Comput Mapp 29(2):182–196

    Google Scholar 

  • Weibel R, Dutton G (2005) Generalizing spatial data and dealing with multiple representations. In: Longley P, Goodchild MF, Maguire DJ, Rhind DW (eds) Geographical Information Systems: Principles, Techniques, Management and Applications Second edition (abridged edition). John Wiley, Hoboken, pp 125–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Wen YN, Chen M, Lu GN, Lin H, Yue SS (2013) A characteristic bitmap coding method for approximate expression of vector elements Based on self-adaptive gridding—applied to improve the R-tree as a case. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 27(10):1939–1959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang BS (2005) A multi-resolution model of vector map data for rapid transmission over the internet. Comput Geosci-Uk 31(5):569–578

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang BS, Purves RS, Weibel R (2007) Efficient transmission of vector data over the Internet. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 21(2):215–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang BS, Weibel R (2009) Some thoughts on progressive transmission of spatial datasets in the web environment. Comput Geosci-Uk 35(1):2175–2176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ying FL, Mooney P, Corcoran P, Winstanley AC (2010) A model for progressive transmission of spatial data based on shape complexity. SIGSPATIAL Special 2(3):25–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We appreciate the detailed suggestions and comments from the editor and the anonymous reviewers. The work described in this article was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (grant no. 2012BAH35B02), the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41231173), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 41001223 and 41101439).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education of PRC, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China

    Min Chen, Yongning Wen & Songshan Yue

  2. Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Min Chen

Authors
  1. Min Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yongning Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Songshan Yue
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yongning Wen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, M., Wen, Y. & Yue, S. A progressive transmission strategy for GIS vector data under the precondition of pixel losslessness. Arab J Geosci 8, 3461–3475 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-014-1467-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-014-1467-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation