Samenvatting
Adjunctief of schemageïnduceerd gedrag is gedrag dat binnen een ander gedragspatroon opduikt, als gevolg van het bekrachtigingsschema. De bekendste en meest onderzochte vorm is schemageïnduceerde polydipsie (SIP) bij ratten. Reeds snel na de ontdekking werd SIP gebruikt om eerst ratten en later ook apen alcohol te laten drinken. Intussen is aangetoond dat bij dieren verschillende vormen van verslaving adjunctief veroorzaakt kunnen worden. Dergelijk onderzoek is bij mensen veel zeldzamer en moeilijker (om ethische redenen), maar er zijn aanwijzingen dat het ook daar een rol kan spelen. Dit kan implicaties hebben voor preventie en behandeling, doch meer onderzoek hierover is dringend gewenst.
Abstract
Adjunctive or schedule-induced behavior is behavior occurring within another behavior chain, as a consequence of its reinforcer schedule. Schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) in rats is the best known and most widely researched adjunctive behavior. Soon after its discovery, SIP was being used to induce alcohol consumption in rats and monkeys. Research showed addiction in animals can be schedule-induced. Human research is much more scarce and difficult for ethical reasons, but there are indications that the phenomenon can be important for humans too. This could have implications for prevention and treatment. However, more research is urgently needed.
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De Groot, F., Dom, G. Middelengebruik als adjunctief gedrag. Verslaving 12, 79–87 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12501-016-0050-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12501-016-0050-5