Samenvatting
In deze studie onderzochten we de stabiliteit van temperamenttypes bij peuters, en longitudinale relaties tussen temperamenttypes en opvoedgedrag.
Moeders (n = 96) rapporteerden vier keer in één jaar over het temperament van hun kinderen (44 % meisjes; gemiddelde leeftijd = 30 maanden, bereik = 18–43 maanden). Opvoedgedrag werd door middel van observaties en zelfrapportage gemeten.
We vonden drie temperamenttypes: een ‘gewoon’ type, een ‘expressief’ type met externaliserende problemen, en een ‘angstig’ type met internaliserende problemen. Temperamenttypes waren zeer stabiel over tijd (72 % stabiliteit na een jaar). Veranderingen in temperamenttype waren gerelateerd aan opvoedgedrag: toenames in de kans om tot het gewone type te behoren, waren gerelateerd aan toenames in positief en afnames in negatief opvoedgedrag. Toenames in de kans om tot het angstige of expressieve type te behoren waren gerelateerd aan afnames in positief opvoedgedrag.
Temperamenttypes zijn zeer stabiel bij peuters, en veranderingen zijn gerelateerd aan opvoedgedrag.
Abstract
This study investigated stability of toddlers’ temperament types, and longitudinal associations between temperament types and parenting.
Mothers (n = 96) reported on their child’s temperament four times throughout 1 year (44 % girls; Mage = 30 months, range = 18–43 months). Parenting was measured by self-report and observation.
We found three temperament types: a ‘typical’ type, an ‘expressive’ type with externalizing problems, and a ‘fearful’ type with internalizing problems. The temperament types were highly stable over time (72 % stability across 1 year). Changes in temperament type were associated with parenting: increases in the probability of belonging to the typical type were associated with increases in positive and decreases in negative behavior. Increases in the probability of belonging to the fearful and expressive type were associated with decreases in positive parenting.
Temperament types are highly stable in toddlerhood, while changes are associated with parenting behavior.
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Dit artikel is een bewerking van: Van den Akker, A. L., Deković, M., Prinzie, P., & Asscher, J. J. (2010). Toddlers’ temperament profiles: stability and relations to negative and positive parenting. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 485–495. doi:10.1007/s10802-009-9379-0
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van den Akker, A., Deković, M., Prinzie, P. et al. Temperamenttypes bij peuters. Kind Adolesc 36, 86–100 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12453-015-0077-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12453-015-0077-0