Samenvatting
De betrokkenheid van grootouders bij kleinkinderen is belangrijk voor het welzijn van het kleinkind. Onderzoek laat zien dat de kwaliteit van de relaties tussen grootouders en hun volwassen kinderen kan ‘overslaan’ naar de kwaliteit van de relaties met hun kleinkinderen. Er is echter nooit onderzocht of problematisch alcoholgebruik (PAG) bij grootouders intergenerationele relaties verstoort. Dit is belangrijke informatie omdat kleinkinderen mogelijk geen profijt hebben van een hechte band wanneer hun grootouders kampen met PAG. Met een steekproef van 295 ouders en hun kinderen (N = 604), gegevens die afkomstig zijn uit een omvangrijker longitudinaal onderzoek dat is oversampeld voor familiale PAG, is in het voorliggende onderzoek getoetst of grootouders (G1, ‘Generatie 1’) met PAG slechtere relaties met hun volwassen kinderen (G2, ‘Generatie 2’) hadden; in termen van meer stress, minder steun en minder nabijheid tot hun kleinkinderen (G3, ‘Generatie 3’). Ook toetsten we of een slechtere relatiekwaliteit tussen G1 en G2 minder nabijheid tussen G1 en G3 voorspelde. Als laatste toetsten we of de effecten van PAG (G1) op de nabijheid tussen G1 en G3 werden verklaard door de relatiekwaliteit tussen G1 en G2. Er werden afzonderlijke modellen berekend voor grootouders van moederszijde en van vaderszijde. We vonden bewijs voor drie indirecte effecten. Als eerste voorspelde PAG bij G1, bij de grootouder van moederszijde, meer stress in de relatie tussen G1 grootmoeder en G2 moeder, wat gerelateerd was aan meer nabijheid tussen grootmoeders van moederszijde en kleinkinderen. Dit indirecte effect werd gerepliceerd bij G1 grootouders van vaderszijde en G2 vaders. Verder was PAG bij G1 bij grootvader van vaderszijde gerelateerd aan een lagere mate van steun van G1 grootvaders aan G2 vaders, wat minder nabijheid tussen grootvaders van vaderszijde en kleinkinderen voorspelde. De resultaten geven blijk van complexe intergenerationele effecten van PAG op familierelaties en zijn consistent met de hypothese van ‘overloopeffecten’ op intergenerationele relaties.
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Financiering
Dit onderzoek heeft financiële steun ontvangen van het National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (Grant AA016213; PI: Laurie Chassin) en het Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1F31HD108871-01A1; PI: Austin Blake).
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This material originally appeared in English as “Grandparent Alcohol Use Disorder and Grandparent–Grandchild Relationships.” Journal of Family Psychology, 37(7), 1005–1015. Copyright 2023 by the American Psychological Association. Copyright 2024 by the American Psychological Association. Translated and reproduced with permission. The American Psychological Association is not responsible for the accuracy of the translation. This translation cannot be reproduced or distributed further without prior written permission from APA. The use of this information does not imply endorsement by the publisher. Dit artikel is op 18 mei 2023 online gepubliceerd. Austin Blake https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-6864. Vertaling: Margriet Visser-Slofstra, Houten.
Onderzoeksgegevens zijn bij de tweejarige bijeenkomst van de Society for Research on Child Development (april 2021; virtueel) gepresenteerd. De analysecode voor dit onderzoek is desgewenst te verkrijgen door de eerste auteur (Austin Blake) te mailen.
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Deze link bevat één aanvullend figuur en een reeks aanvullende tabellen met daarin de volgende informatie: (figuur A) het moment van deelname aan de studie, (tabel A) bivariate correlaties, (tabel B) directe effecten van predictoren op mediatoren en uitkomsten: multipele groepsmediatie, (tabel C) mediatie door stress en steun tussen G1 en G2: multipele groepsmediatie, (tabel D) directe effecten van predictoren op mediatoren en uitkomsten (kleinkinderen < 12; model voor grootmoeder van moederszijde), (tabel E) mediatie door stress en steun tussen G1 en G2 (kleinkinderen < 12; model voor grootmoeder van moederszijde), (tabel F) directe effecten van predictoren op mediatoren en uitkomsten (kleinkinderen < 12; model voor grootvader van vaderszijde), (tabel G) mediatie door stress en steun tussen G1 en G2 (kleinkinderen < 12; model voor grootvader van vaderszijde), (tabel H) directe effecten van predictoren op mediatoren en uitkomsten (kleinkinderen < 12 en ouder; model voor grootmoeder van moederszijde), (tabel I) mediatie door stress en steun tussen G1 en G2 (kleinkinderen < 12 en ouder; model voor grootmoeder van moederszijde), (tabel J) directe effecten van predictoren op mediatoren en uitkomsten (kleinkinderen < 12 en ouder; model voor grootvader van vaderszijde), (tabel K) mediatie door stress en steun tussen G1 en G2 (kleinkinderen < 12 en ouder; model voor grootvader van vaderszijde).
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Blake, A., Chassin, L. Problematisch alcoholgebruik bij grootouders en relaties tussen grootouders en kleinkinderen. Gezinstherapie Wereldwijd (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12440-024-00223-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12440-024-00223-w