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Roken, een vermijdbare oorzaak van infertiliteit

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Bijblijven

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Er is de voorbije vijftien jaar veel gepubliceerd over de effecten van roken op zwanger worden en zwanger zijn. Dit artikel bevat een beknopt overzicht van de relevantste gegevens. Er zijn effecten beschreven van tabaksgebruik op de duur tot conceptie, op de ovariële reserve, op fertiliteitsbehandelingen, op de ontwikkeling van gameten, op de vroege zwangerschap en meer recent ook op het nageslacht van rokende ouders. Kort samengevat: roken vertraagt de conceptie. Dit effect kan kritisch zijn bij koppels met een reeds verminderde vruchtbaarheid en bij al wat oudere vrouwen, want roken versnelt de ovariële follikeldepletie en dus de menopauze. We zien dat rokende patiënten tweemaal zoveel IVF-cycli nodig hebben om zwanger te worden. Roken blijkt ook mutageen: het kan DNA-beschadigingen veroorzaken, met belangrijke risico’s op miskramen en effecten op het nageslacht.

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  1. Medisch diensthoofd, Centrum voor Reproductieve Geneeskunde ZNA Middelheim, Antwerpen, The Netherlands

    I. Inion

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Inion, I. Roken, een vermijdbare oorzaak van infertiliteit. Bijblijven 27, 25–29 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12414-011-0032-9

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