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Arabidopsis NHX Transporters: Sodium and Potassium Antiport Mythology and Sequestration During Ionic Stress

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Abstract

A crucial prerequisite for plant growth and survival under high salinity is maintenance of Na+ and K+ balance. Accumulation of Na+ and K+ in high concentration in the cytosol reduces crop yield. To cope with such imbalance ionic conditions, plants use a number of transporters to maintain Na+ and K+ homoeostasis inside the cell and regulate plant growth and development. This cation and pH homoeostasis is regulated by monovalent cation/proton antiporters (CPA) that fall in two categories, the CPA1 family that includes Na+/H+ NHX antiporters, and the CPA2 family that includes Cation/H+ (CHX) and K+ efflux antiporters (KEA). In this review we highlighted the role of NHX-antiporters in regulation of Na+ and K+ balance. NHX proteins are required for accurate K+ compartmentation. They mediate K+ specific vacuolar sequestration, pH adjustment, turgor and osmotic regulation, and play a unique role in stomatal movement and cell expansion.

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  1. Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea

    Irfan Ullah Khan, Akhtar Ali & Dae-Jin Yun

  2. Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea

    Irfan Ullah Khan

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Khan, I.U., Ali, A. & Yun, DJ. Arabidopsis NHX Transporters: Sodium and Potassium Antiport Mythology and Sequestration During Ionic Stress. J. Plant Biol. 61, 292–300 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-018-0244-y

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