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Geopark Impact for the Resilience of Communities in Samoa, SW Pacific

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Abstract

Both Savai’i Island and Upolu Island of Samoa are home to numerous potential geosites that could form the basis of geopark projects at a range of scales from local, regional, or global. During the Samoa Geoparks Project Phase 1, intensive research identified Samoa’s geoheritage values, resulting in the selection of the island of Savai’i as a location for development of geosite inventories, using a first-order approach to create a scientific basis for future geoheritage, geoconservation, and geotourism ventures. The rationale behind this decision was based on the size of the island; the geodiverse and largely untouched landscapes with high geodiversity values; and superbly exposed young volcanic features that are relatively accessible. Most of these volcanic features derived from Holocene and even historical volcanic activity. Within the potential areas of geosites, volcanic features currently utilized as tourist attractions (mataaga in Samoan) are mostly associated with living cultural activities in terms of traditional stories, myth, and place names. These geoheritage components are a very significant part of the Samoa Geoparks Project in general. Workshop and training for further development of the Samoa Geoparks Project are recommended in this study to co-design and co-develop the geopark concept with local communities working in collaboration with geoscience experts. The role of external geoscientists has been redefined as facilitators of participatory methods using iterative, step-by-step processes, where each facet of the geopark is co-produced through truly inclusive methods and frameworks.

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Notes

  1. http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/SC/pdf/sc_geoparcs_2010guidelines.pdf.

  2. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/earth-sciences/unesco-global-geoparks/

  3. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/earth-sciences/unesco-global-geoparks/frequently-asked-questions/where-are-the-unesco-global-geoparks/.

  4. [http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/earth-sciences/international-geoscience-programme/igcp-projects/geohazards/project-692/] (Guilbaud et al. 2020).

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Acknowledgements

The work was carried out in close cooperation with the Meteorology Division of the Ministry for Natural Resources, Environment (MNRE) and FAO (Samoa). Managerial support was provided by Mulipola Ausetalia Titimaea (MNRE), Lameko Talia (MNRE), Katie Pogi (MNRE), and Lemalu Sami (FAO) and has contributed to the success of the Geopark Project Phase 1. The Samoa Geoparks Project is also endorsed by the UNESCO IGCP #692—Geoheritage for Geohazard Resilience Programme. Fruitful discussions about Geoconservation and suggestions for improvements of the manuscript provided by Mr Ilmars Gravis and Chris Twemlow (both from Geoconservation Thrust Aotearoa) are greatly appreciated. Formal reviews by Prof Michael Petterson (AUT) and an anonymous reviewer provided valuable and very progressive ideas to improve the final version of this report, many thanks for them. The professional handling of the manuscript by Editor-in-Chief, Prof Kevin Page, made the review process very effective; thank you for it.

Funding

The Samoa Geoparks Project Phase 1 was funded by the Geoscience Division of the Pacific Community (SPC) and the Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Blaqsand Enterprise, Toamua-uta Faleata, Samoa

    Aleni Fepuleai

  2. School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Károly Németh

  3. Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, Sopron, Hungary

    Károly Németh

  4. The Geoconservation Trust Aotearoa, Ōpōtiki, New Zealand

    Károly Németh

  5. School of Geography, Earth Science & Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji

    Tolu Muliaina

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  1. Aleni Fepuleai
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  2. Károly Németh
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  3. Tolu Muliaina
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Correspondence to Károly Németh.

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Fepuleai, A., Németh, K. & Muliaina, T. Geopark Impact for the Resilience of Communities in Samoa, SW Pacific. Geoheritage 13, 50 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-021-00578-4

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