Abstract
The enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass has become attractive for obtaining ethanol. Therefore, optimizing its conditions and revealing the main influencing factors are essential for an effective design. In this sense, this study evaluated the influence of cellulose conversion on the Langmuir isotherm parameters in cellulase adsorption on sugarcane bagasse pretreated by hydrothermal and organosolv methods. The adsorption isotherm assays were performed with commercial cellulase from Trichoderma reesei in Erlenmeyer flasks stirred at 150 rpm and 50 °C. Isotherms were determined for enzymatic hydrolysis substrate samples of hydrothermal bagasse (HB) and organosolv bagasse (OB) at 0, 1, 6, and 18 h, respectively. The Langmuir model represented well the experimental data for the cellulose–cellulase system. The study of cellulase adsorption on HB and OB demonstrated that the maximum adsorption capacity (Emax) decreased during the reaction. From 0 to 18 h of hydrolysis, the value of Emax decreased from 37 ± 3 to 23 ± 2 mg cellulase/g HB and from 29 ± 1 to 25 ± 2 mg cellulase/g OB. Therefore, the adsorption of cellulase on a substrate varied during hydrolysis and its representation was expressed by an empirical equation related to the cellulose conversion and the Langmuir parameters.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adney, B., and J. Baker. 1996. Measurement of cellulase activities: Laboratory analytical procedure (LAP). Golden.
Bansal, P., M. Hall, M.J. Realff, J.H. Lee, and A.S. Bommarius. 2009. Modeling cellulase kinetics on lignocellulosic substrates. Biotechnology Advances 27: 833–848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.06.005.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72: 248–254.
Cai, C., Y. Jin, Y. Pang, Q. Ke, W. Qiu, X. Qiu, Y. Qin, and H. Lou. 2018. Tracing cellulase components in hydrolyzate during the enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob residue and its analysis. Bioresource Technology Reports 4: 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2018.07.018.
Chan, K.-L., C.-H. Ko, K.-L. Chang, and S.-Y. Leu. 2021. Construction of a structural enzyme adsorption/kinetics model to elucidate additives associated lignin–cellulase interactions in complex bioconversion system. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 118: 4065–4075. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.27883.
Himmel Michael, E., S.-Y. Ding, K. Johnson David, S. Adney William, R. Nimlos Mark, W. Brady John, and D. Foust Thomas. 2007. Biomass recalcitrance: engineering plants and enzymes for biofuels production. Science 315: 804–807. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137016.
Hong, J., X. Ye, and Y.H.P. Zhang. 2007. Quantitative determination of cellulose accessibility to cellulase based on adsorption of a nonhydrolytic fusion protein containing CBM and GFP with its applications. Langmuir 23: 12535–12540. https://doi.org/10.1021/la7025686.
Hyman, D., A. Sluiter, D. Crocker, D. Johnson, J. Sluiter, S. Black, and C.S. Nrel. 2008. Determination of acid soluble lignin concentration curve by UV–Vis spectroscopy. Golden: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Kadam, K.L., E.C. Rydholm, and J.D. McMillan. 2004. Development and validation of a kinetic model for enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Biotechnology Progress 20: 698–705. https://doi.org/10.1021/bp034316x.
Khodaverdi, M., A. Jeihanipour, K. Karimi, and M.J. Taherzadeh. 2012. Kinetic modeling of rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose after pretreatment by NMMO. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 39: 429–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-011-1048-y.
Kumar, R., and C.E. Wyman. 2009. Cellulase adsorption and relationship to features of corn stover solids produced by leading pretreatments. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 103: 252–267. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22258.
Levine, S.E., J.M. Fox, H.W. Blanch, and D.S. Clark. 2010. A mechanistic model of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 107: 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22789.
Li, X., Y. Shi, W. Kong, J. Wei, W. Song, and S. Wang. 2022. Improving enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass by bio-coordinated physicochemical pretreatment—A review. Energy Reports 8: 696–709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.12.015.
Liao, W., Y. Liu, Z. Wen, C. Frear, and S. Chen. 2008. Kinetic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in differently pretreated fibers from dairy manure. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 101: 441–451. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.21921.
Lin, X., L. Wu, S. Huang, Y. Qin, X. Qiu, and H. Lou. 2019. Effect of lignin-based amphiphilic polymers on the cellulase adsorption and enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics of cellulose. Carbohydrate Polymers 207: 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.070.
Lu, M., J. Li, L. Han, and W. Xiao. 2019. An aggregated understanding of cellulase adsorption and hydrolysis for ball-milled cellulose. Bioresource Technology 273: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.037.
Lynd, L.R., G.T. Beckham, A.M. Guss, L.N. Jayakody, E.M. Karp, C. Maranas, R.L. McCormick, D. Amador-Noguez, Y.J. Bomble, B.H. Davison, C. Foster, M.E. Himmel, E.K. Holwerda, M.S. Laser, C.Y. Ng, D.G. Olson, Y. Román-Leshkov, C.T. Trinh, G.A. Tuskan, V. Upadhayay, D.R. Vardon, L. Wang, and C.E. Wyman. 2022. Toward low-cost biological and hybrid biological/catalytic conversion of cellulosic biomass to fuels. Energy & Environmental Science 15: 938–990. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE02540F.
Machado, D.L., J. Moreira Neto, J.G. Cruz Pradella, A. Bonomi, S.C. Rabelo, and A.C. Costa. 2015. Adsorption characteristics of cellulase and β-glucosidase on Avicel, pretreated sugarcane bagasse, and lignin. Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 62: 681–689. https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.1307.
Maurer, S.A., C.N. Bedbrook, and C.J. Radke. 2012. Cellulase adsorption and reactivity on a cellulose surface from flow ellipsometry. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51: 11389–11400. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie3008538.
Oliva, A., L.C. Tan, S. Papirio, G. Esposito, and P.N.L. Lens. 2021. Effect of methanol-organosolv pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic materials. Renewable Energy 169: 1000–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.12.095.
Ouyang, J., Z. Dong, X. Song, X. Lee, M. Chen, and Q. Yong. 2010. Improved enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH101) by polyethylene glycol addition. Bioresource Technology 101: 6685–6691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.085.
Pribowo, A., V. Arantes, and J.N. Saddler. 2012. The adsorption and enzyme activity profiles of specific Trichoderma reesei cellulase/xylanase components when hydrolyzing steam pretreated corn stover. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 50: 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.12.004.
Qi, B., X. Chen, Y. Su, and Y. Wan. 2011. Enzyme adsorption and recycling during hydrolysis of wheat straw lignocellulose. Bioresource Technology 102: 2881–2889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.092.
Qi, F., and M. Wright. 2016. A novel optimization approach to estimating kinetic parameters of the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover. AIMS Energy 4: 52–67. https://doi.org/10.3934/energy.2016.1.52.
Qiu, K., and A.N. Netravali. 2014. A review of fabrication and applications of bacterial cellulose based nanocomposites. Polymer Reviews 54: 598–626. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2014.896018.
Rabelo, S.C., N.A. Amezquita Fonseca, R.R. Andrade, R. Maciel Filho, and A.C. Costa. 2011. Ethanol production from enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse pretreated with lime and alkaline hydrogen peroxide. Biomass and Bioenergy 35: 2600–2607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.042.
Saini, J.K., A.K. Patel, M. Adsul, and R.R. Singhania. 2016. Cellulase adsorption on lignin: A roadblock for economic hydrolysis of biomass. Renewable Energy 98: 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.089.
Saravanan, A., P. Senthil Kumar, S. Jeevanantham, S. Karishma, and D.-V.N. Vo. 2012. Recent advances and sustainable development of biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology 344: 126203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126203.
Silva, V.F.N., P.V. Arruda, M.G.A. Felipe, A.R. Gonçalves, and G.J.M. Rocha. 2011. Fermentation of cellulosic hydrolysates obtained by enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by hydrothermal processing. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 38: 809–817. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-010-0815-5.
Sluiter, A., B. Hames, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, and D. Templeton. 2008. Determination of ash in biomass: Laboratory analytical procedure (LAP). Golden.
Sluiter, A., B. Hames, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, D. Templeton, and D. Crocker. 2012. Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass: Laboratory analytical procedure (LAP). Golden.
Srivastava, N., M. Srivastava, P.K. Mishra, V.K. Gupta, G. Molina, S. Rodriguez-Couto, A. Manikanta, and P.W. Ramteke. 2018. Applications of fungal cellulases in biofuel production: Advances and limitations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 82: 2379–2386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.08.074.
Van Dyk, J.S., and B.I. Pletschke. 2012. A review of lignocellulose bioconversion using enzymatic hydrolysis and synergistic cooperation between enzymes—Factors affecting enzymes, conversion and synergy. Biotechnology Advances 30: 1458–1480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.03.002.
Wood, T.M., and K.M. Bhat. 1988. Methods for measuring cellulase activities, Methods in enzymology, 87–112. London: Academic Press.
Zhang, H., L. Han, and H. Dong. 2021. An insight to pretreatment, enzyme adsorption and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: Experimental and modeling studies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 140: 110758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110758.
Zhang, Y.-H.P., and L.R. Lynd. 2004. Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: Noncomplexed cellulase systems. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 88: 797–824. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.20282.
Zhao, S., M. Diaby, N. Zheng, and J. Wang. 2022. Sequential action of different fiber-degrading enzymes enhances the degradation of corn stover. Agriculture 12: 181. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020181.
Zhao, X., K. Cheng, and D. Liu. 2009. Organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for enzymatic hydrolysis. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 82: 815–827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-1883-1.
Zheng, Y., S. Zhang, S. Miao, Z. Su, and P. Wang. 2013. Temperature sensitivity of cellulase adsorption on lignin and its impact on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Journal of Biotechnology 166: 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.04.018.
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the financial support by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) process number 2011/02743-5 and the sugar plant “Usina Tarumã” from Raizen group for the supply of sugarcane bagasse.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors confirm that there are no known conflict of interest associated with this publication.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Moreira Neto, J., Machado, D.L., Bonomi, A. et al. Cellulase Adsorption on Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse During Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Sugar Tech 25, 1501–1508 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-023-01302-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-023-01302-y