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True Seed Transmission of Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) in Sugarcane

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Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp hybrids) is a major commercial crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions in different countries. Like any other crop, biotic stresses are a major constraint to sugarcane production and of these fungal and viral diseases are causing economically significant losses, worldwide. Among various viral diseases causing major destruction, leaf fleck caused by Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) is one of the emerging threats which affects global exchange of sugarcane germplasm. In sugarcane varietal development, parents of interest are crossed and true seed or “fluff” is obtained to develop new varieties. SCBV occurs in the new varieties throughout India and such widespread occurrence was suspected due to true seed transmission of SCBV. However, until now, no experimental evidence has corroborated these observations. In this study, we have attempted to establish possible transmission of the virus from sugarcane parents to their progenies. Eight- and three-month-old progenies from 18 crosses and their parents were tested through PCR assays to confirm presence of the virus. All the tested parents were found to be positive to the virus infection. About 50 to 100% of the progenies were positive to SCBV in PCR assays. Real-time PCR assays of three-month-old progenies along with their parents also revealed that all the samples were positive to the virus. Fluff samples of the parents Co 0238 and Co 11015 commonly used in hybridization were also tested positive for the virus. Even though viral titre is comparatively low in the fluff samples, it could be concluded that true seed acquires the virus from the parents and it has a direct role in disease transmission. Probable seed transmission may be attributed to the rampant occurrence of leaf fleck under field conditions in the country.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Bakshi Ram, Director, ICAR-SBI, Dr G. Hemaprabha (Principal Scientist and Head, Division of Crop Improvement), Dr. C. Appunu, Senior Scientist and technical staff of Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-SBI Coimbatore, for providing necessary support to carry out crossing work and sample collections.

Funding

The research work was supported by the Institute grants of ICAR-SBI and no separate funding has been received to the research work reported in the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007, India

    Sanju Balan, K. Nithya & R. Viswanathan

  2. Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, 680656, India

    Sanju Balan & K. Anita Cherian

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  1. Sanju Balan
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  2. K. Nithya
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  3. K. Anita Cherian
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  4. R. Viswanathan
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Correspondence to R. Viswanathan.

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Balan, S., Nithya, K., Cherian, K.A. et al. True Seed Transmission of Sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) in Sugarcane. Sugar Tech 24, 513–521 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-021-01031-0

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