Potential of sugarcane bagasse for production of furfural and its derivatives

Abstract

Production potential of furfural from sugarcane bagasse was studied in industrial sample and two sugarcane varieties CoJ 85 and CoJ 88. For this the preparation of fine bagasse sample of two varieties similar to industrial sample had been standardized in the laboratory. Then bagasse obtained from sugar industry, sugarcane varieties CoJ 85 and CoJ 88 was treated with different acids (acetic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid) with variable concentrations (1 and 2 % of each acid) and autoclaved for 30, 60 and 90 minutes with solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 at 110⁰C temperature and 1.05 kgcm⁻² steam pressure for furfural production. The reaction of bagasse with 2 % H₂SO₄ gave the highest yield of furfural from bagasse of CoJ 88 variety with the time interval of 90 minutes. Furfural can be converted to furfuryl alcohol with flammable hydrogen gas and requires pressure equipment. This thus limits the utility of this process for smaller scale units requiring gram equivalents of furfuryl alcohol that may be required for further applications. Therefore in the present investigation, the inexpensive reagents thiourea dioxide (TUDO), hydroxymethane sulfinic acid (HMS), Zn/HCl and Sn/HCl were tested for the reduction of furfural to furfuryl alcohol. Among all these reagents, Sn/HCl has been found to give the best result where furfural gets reduced to the furfuryl alcohol almost in quantitative yield.