Hybrid PET/MR imaging in myocardial inflammation post-myocardial infarction

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology volume 27, pages2083–2099(2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Hybrid PET/MR imaging is an emerging imaging modality combining positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the same system. Since the introduction of clinical PET/MRI in 2011, it has had some impact (e.g., imaging the components of inflammation in myocardial infarction), but its role could be much greater. Many opportunities remain unexplored and will be highlighted in this review. The inflammatory process post-myocardial infarction has many facets at a cellular level which may affect the outcome of the patient, specifically the effects on adverse left ventricular remodeling, and ultimately prognosis. The goal of inflammation imaging is to track the process non-invasively and quantitatively to determine the best therapeutic options for intervention and to monitor those therapies. While PET and MRI, acquired separately, can image aspects of inflammation, hybrid PET/MRI has the potential to advance imaging of myocardial inflammation. This review contains a description of hybrid PET/MRI, its application to inflammation imaging in myocardial infarction and the challenges, constraints, and opportunities in designing data collection protocols. Finally, this review explores opportunities in PET/MRI: improved registration, partial volume correction, machine learning, new approaches in the development of PET and MRI pulse sequences, and the use of novel injection strategies.

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Abbreviations

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

MI:

Myocardial infarction

IOT:

Infarcted obstructed tissue

INOT:

Infarcted not obstructed tissue

RT:

Remote tissue

BOLD:

Blood oxygen level dependent

CEST:

Chemical exchange saturation transfer

SPIO:

Superparamagnetic iron oxide

TSPO:

Translocator protein

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, Canada

    B. Wilk BSc, G. Wisenberg MD, J. D. Thiessen PhD, D. E. Goldhawk PhD & F. S. Prato PhD

  2. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada

    B. Wilk BSc, J. D. Thiessen PhD, D. E. Goldhawk PhD & F. S. Prato PhD

  3. Collaborative Graduate Program in Molecular Imaging, Western University, London, Canada

    B. Wilk BSc, J. D. Thiessen PhD, D. E. Goldhawk PhD & F. S. Prato PhD

  4. MyHealth Centre, Arva, Canada

    G. Wisenberg MD

  5. Biomedical Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    R. Dharmakumar PhD

  6. David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    R. Dharmakumar PhD

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  4. J. D. Thiessen PhD
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Wilk, B. is supported by an Ontario Graduate scholarship and a Lawson Internal Research Fund. This work was supported in part by Ontario Research Fund RS7-021 and Canadian Foundation for Innovation No. 11358.

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Wilk, B., Wisenberg, G., Dharmakumar, R. et al. Hybrid PET/MR imaging in myocardial inflammation post-myocardial infarction. J. Nucl. Cardiol. 27, 2083–2099 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12350-019-01973-9

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Keywords

  • Myocardial biology
  • inflammation
  • myocardial ischemia and infarction
  • MRI
  • PET
  • hybrid imaging