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Two cases of anal squamous cell carcinoma achieving complete response after docetaxel + cisplatin + S-1 (DCS) induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation

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Abstract

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is an uncommon tumor. However, its incidence is increasing worldwide. Surgical resection of locally advanced cases requires permanent anal prosthesis. Thus, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is preferred as the first-line treatment; however, high local recurrence rate remains an issue. Here, we describe two cases of locally advanced ASCC treated with docetaxel + cisplatin + S-1 (DCS) followed by CRT with S-1 that showed complete response. The two patients, aged 69 and 65 years, were diagnosed with ASCC (cStage IIIB) at our hospital. Due to extensive lymph node metastases, the patients were treated with triple induction chemotherapy (DCS) followed by CRT with S-1. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography performed six months after starting the treatment showed disappearance of tumors, indicating a complete response. The patients continued to receive S-1 for one year and achieved relapse-free long-term survival since the completion of treatment. Therefore, induction chemotherapy with DCS, prior to CRT with S-1 may benefit patients with locally advanced ASCC.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author, YS.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Takeshi Kuroda (Department of Surgery, Tokushima Municipal Hospital) and Dr. Seisuke Okamura (Okamura Clinic) for referring the patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, 103 Irinokuchi, Komatsushima-Cho, Komatsushima, Tokushima, 773-8502, Japan

    Megumi Yamasaki

  2. Department of Community Medicine for Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Yasushi Sato

  3. Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan

    Megumi Yamasaki, Koichi Okamoto, Akira Fukuya, Tomoyuki Kawaguchi, Kazuyoshi Noda, Kaizo Kagemoto, Yasuhiro Mitsui, Hiroshi Miyamoto & Tetsuji Takayama

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  1. Megumi Yamasaki
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Contributions

MG, YS did literature research and wrote the manuscript; KO, AK, TK, KN, KK, YM, HM, and TT were part of the management team for the patients. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yasushi Sato.

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All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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All followed procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards set out in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.

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Informed consent was provided by all patients for the present cases.

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Supplementary Information

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12328_2022_1736_MOESM1_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file1 Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET–CT) images six months after starting treatment for patient #2 (PDF 42 KB)

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Yamasaki, M., Sato, Y., Okamoto, K. et al. Two cases of anal squamous cell carcinoma achieving complete response after docetaxel + cisplatin + S-1 (DCS) induction chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation. Clin J Gastroenterol 16, 180–186 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-022-01736-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-022-01736-z

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