|
Formulation
|
Cmax (ng/ml)
|
90% CI
|
Relative absorption based on Cmax data
|
Tmax (h)
|
t1/2 (h)
|
AUC0–6 (ng/ml h)
|
90% CI
|
Relative absorption based on AUC0–6 data
|
AUC0–12 (ng/ml h)
|
90% CI
|
Relative absorption based on AUC0–12 data
|
|---|
|
Curcumin
|
|
TUR 1800
|
9.85 ± 6.82
|
–
|
1
|
8
|
9.45 ± 5.25
|
15.43 ± 30.77
|
–
|
1
|
40.21 ± 44.98
|
–
|
1
|
|
CU+ 50
|
28.36 ± 31.21*
|
212.66–389.60
|
103.62*
|
3*
|
5.33 ± 3.70*
|
86.53 ± 90.33*
|
362.46–867.41
|
201.86*
|
119.12 ± 120.81*
|
199.05–440.83
|
106.64*
|
|
CU+ 100
|
54.11 ± 40.11*†
|
392.77–767.85
|
98.85*
|
3*
|
3.97 ± 2.27*
|
160.99 ± 112.64*†
|
629.30–1726.37
|
187.62*
|
251.12 ± 164.55*†
|
403.54–966.41
|
112.41*
|
|
Demethoxycurcumin
|
|
TUR 1800
|
3.20 ± 1.40
|
–
|
1
|
3
|
8.37 ± 5.66
|
6.42 ± 5.91
|
–
|
1
|
10.37 ± 10.04
|
–
|
1
|
|
CU+ 50
|
4.33 ± 4.91
|
104.93–174.79
|
48.75*
|
3
|
6.53 ± 5.25
|
9.35 ± 13.81
|
99.29–213.67
|
52.44*
|
12.19 ± 16.92
|
84.12–164.30
|
42.32*
|
|
CU+ 100
|
7.98 ± 5.65*†
|
186.36–337.84
|
45.16*
|
3
|
3.60 ± 3.68
|
20.28 ± 15.46*†
|
185.78–526.61
|
56.30*
|
28.42 ± 21.96*†
|
172.24–428.26
|
48.89*
|
|
Bisdemethoxycurcumin
|
|
TUR 1800
|
2.15 ± 1.05
|
–
|
1
|
2
|
3.24 ± 1.39
|
4.89 ± 2.82
|
–
|
1
|
6.38 ± 5.04
|
–
|
1
|
|
CU+ 50
|
1.05 ± 1.19+
|
30.86–77.04
|
17.55*
|
8+
|
–
|
0.49 ± 1.17+
|
2.62–38.50
|
3.62
|
1.46 ± 3.28+
|
11.26–46.72
|
8.26*
|
|
CU+ 100
|
1.15 ± 1.04+
|
33.48–84.55
|
9.58*
|
5+
|
–
|
0.82 ± 1.20+
|
7.10–36.47
|
2.90
|
2.09 ± 2.11+
|
18.49–56.61
|
5.82*
|
|
Tetrahydrocurcumin
|
|
TUR 1800
|
5.38 ± 3.63
|
–
|
1
|
4.5
|
11.92 ± 7.60
|
7.88 ± 12.19
| |
1
|
10.28 ± 16.86
|
–
|
1
|
|
CU+ 50
|
13.98 ± 13.63*
|
184.37–366.04
|
93.52*
|
3*
|
4.89 ± 3.67*
|
40.81 ± 41.12*
|
301.11–890.97
|
186.47*
|
52.55 ± 57.19*
|
327.02–799.37
|
184.06*
|
|
CU+ 100
|
26.24 ± 21.34*†
|
348.33–669.98
|
86.96*
|
3*
|
5.25 ± 3.05*
|
81.54 ± 57.15*†
|
552.03–1879.20
|
183.33*
|
115.44 ± 80.58*†
|
649.28–1863.39
|
197.99*
|
|
Total curcuminoids
|
|
TUR 1800
|
15.65 ± 9.41
|
–
|
1
|
5
|
9.04 ± 7.34
|
33.21 ± 43.34
|
–
|
1
|
66.57 ± 64.71
|
–
|
1
|
|
CU+ 50
|
43.83 ± 48.20*
|
203.73–384.89
|
100.81*
|
3*
|
3.88 ± 2.04*
|
133.24 ± 138.50*
|
276.61–581.74
|
144.41*
|
182.65 ± 182.82*
|
196.42–383.29
|
98.78*
|
|
CU+ 100
|
86.98 ± 62.94*†
|
401.02–770.05
|
100.03*
|
3*
|
4.29 ± 3.95*
|
274.35 ± 169.57*†
|
534.48–1282.65
|
149.04*
|
419.14 ± 248.98*†
|
434.96–911.44
|
113.33*
|
- Data expressed as geometric least squares mean (Cmax, AUC) or arithmetic mean (t1/2) ± standard deviation and Tmax expressed as median. N = 24 for TUR1800, N = 23 for CU+ 50, N = 21 for CU+ 100
- AUC area under the curve, CU+ Curcuwin Ultra+, SD standard deviation, TUR turmeric extract
- *P value < 0.05, CU+ significant over TUR 1800
- +P value < 0.05, TUR 1800 significant over CU+
- †P value < 0.05, CU+ 100 significant over CU+ 50