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Effekte körperlichen Trainings auf die Psyche von Krebspatienten

Effect of physical activity on the psyche of cancer patients

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Forum Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Zusätzlich zu physiologischen Komplikationen und Nebenwirkungen, die eine Krebserkrankung und ihre medizinische Behandlung mit sich bringen, unterliegen Tumorpatienten zum Teil intensiven psychosozialen Belastungen. Strukturierte sport- und bewegungstherapeutische Begleitmaßnahmen haben sich in den letzten Jahren als effektive Supportivstrategie erwiesen, wobei primär physiologisch und funktional orientierte Outcomeparameter zur Beurteilung der Effektivität herangezogen wurden.

Material und Methoden

Untersucht wurde, welchen Einfluss ein körperliches Training auf psychosoziale Belastungen von Krebspatienten haben kann. Darüber hinaus sollte die Bedeutung von körperlichem Training aus Sicht des Patienten betrachtet werden.

Ergebnisse

Die derzeitige Studienlage zeigt, dass strukturiertes körperliches Training einen Einfluss auf psychosoziale Outcomeparameter hat. Im krebsspezifischen Kontext sind dabei die positiven Effekte auf Fatigue, gesundheits- bzw. bereichsspezifische Lebensqualität, Depressivität und das Körperbild eindeutig zu belegen. Für die Bereiche Ängstlichkeit und allgemeine Stressbelastung gibt es erste Hinweise auf eine Wirksamkeit, diese muss jedoch in weiteren Studien repliziert werden. Die Mehrzahl der Studien wurde bei Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom durchgeführt.

Schlussfolgerung

Strukturiertes körperliches Training stellt eine geeignete Maßnahme dar, um psychosoziale Belastungen von Krebspatienten abzumildern. Weitere Studien sind nötig, um die Evidenzlage zu stabilisieren.

Abstract

Background

In addition to physiological complications and side effects that accompany cancer and its medical treatment, tumor patients often suffer from intense psychosocial burdens. In recent years, physical exercise programs have been demonstrated to be effective support strategies, whereby physiological and functionally oriented outcome parameters were primarily used to determine effectiveness.

Materials and methods

The influence of physical exercise on the psychosocial burden of cancer patients was examined. In addition, the importance of physical exercise from the viewpoint of the patient was assessed.

Results

The current literature shows that physical exercise programs have an influence on psychosocial outcome parameter. In a cancer-specific context, the positive effects on fatigue, health-related quality of life, depression, and body image were clearly demonstrated. Regarding anxiety and general stress burden, there are initial indications on the efficacy, which must be reproduced in further studies. The majority of studies were performed with breast cancer patients.

Conclusion

Structured physical exercise is a suitable method to mitigate psychosocial burdens of cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to substantiate the initial findings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AG Körperliche Aktivität und Krebs, Präventive Onkologie (G110), Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (NCT), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    J. Wiskemann, C. Ulrich & K. Steindorf

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  1. J. Wiskemann
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  2. C. Ulrich
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  3. K. Steindorf
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Correspondence to J. Wiskemann.

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Wiskemann, J., Ulrich, C. & Steindorf, K. Effekte körperlichen Trainings auf die Psyche von Krebspatienten. Forum 26, 42–48 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12312-011-0609-3

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