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Disruption of Mitochondrial Homeostasis by Phytanic Acid in Cerebellum of Young Rats

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Abstract

Phytanic acid (Phyt) brain concentrations are highly increased in Refsum disease, a peroxisomal disorder clinically characterized by neurological features, cardiac abnormalities, and retinitis pigmentosa. Considering that the pathogenesis of cerebellar ataxia, a common finding in this disease, is still unknown, in the present work we investigated the in vitro effects of Phyt at concentrations similar to those found in affected patients on important parameters of mitochondrial homeostasis in cerebellum from young rats. The respiratory parameters states 3 and 4 and respiratory control ratio (RCR) determined by oxygen consumption, membrane potential (∆Ψm), NAD(P)H pool content, and swelling were evaluated in mitochondrial preparations from this cerebral structure. Phyt markedly increased state 4 respiration, whereas state 3 respiration, the RCR, the mitochondrial matrix NAD(P)H content, and ∆Ψm were decreased by this fatty acid, being the latter effect partially prevented by N-acetylcysteine. These data indicate that Phyt behaves as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation and as a metabolic inhibitor disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis in cerebellum. It is proposed that these pathomechanisms may contribute at least in part to the cerebellar alterations found in Refsum disease.

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Abbreviations

ANT:

Adenine nucleotide translocator

ATC:

Atractyloside

NAC:

N-acetylcysteine

Phyt:

Phytanic acid

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the financial support of CNPq, CAPES, PROPESq/UFRGS, FAPERGS, PRONEX, FINEP Rede Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociência (IBN-Net) # 01.06.0842-00, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia- Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção (INCT-EN).

Financial Support

CNPq, PROPESq/UFRGS, FAPERGS, PRONEX, FINEP Rede Instituto Brasileiro de Neurociência (IBN-Net) # 01.06.0842-00, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção (INCT-EN).

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that there are no potencial conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Estela Natacha Brandt Busanello, Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral, Anelise Miotti Tonin, Ângela Zanatta, Carolina Maso Viegas & Moacir Wajner

  2. Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Moacir Wajner

  3. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Carmen Regla Vargas

Authors
  1. Estela Natacha Brandt Busanello
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  2. Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
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  3. Anelise Miotti Tonin
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  4. Ângela Zanatta
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  5. Carolina Maso Viegas
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  7. Moacir Wajner
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Correspondence to Moacir Wajner.

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Busanello, E.N.B., Amaral, A.U., Tonin, A.M. et al. Disruption of Mitochondrial Homeostasis by Phytanic Acid in Cerebellum of Young Rats. Cerebellum 12, 362–369 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-012-0426-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-012-0426-y

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