Abstract
T-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare form of malignancy in the female genital tract. Most of the reported cases of lymphoma are B-cell lymphomas. A few cases of primary T-cell lymphomas involving the vagina or the vulva have been reported. We are reporting the first case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) presenting as a uterine cervical mass. The patient is a 24-year-old female who presented to the emergency room with a history of menorrhagia, night sweats and 40-pound weight loss. The diagnosis of ALCL was confirmed through immunohistochemical studies with strong CD30 and ALK expression. Fluorescent hybridization showed a rearrangement of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. Since ALCL may have a variable expression of T-cell antigens, the diagnosis may easily be missed when CD45 and/or CD3 is negative, and screening epithelial stains for carcinoma (e.g., p63 and EMA) are positive. CD30 must be performed to raise the consideration of ALCL when reniform nuclei are observed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lagoo AS, Robboy SJ (2006) Lymphoma of the female genital tract: current status. International journal of gynecological pathology: official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Pathologists 25(1):1–21. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pgp.0000183049.30212.f9
Kosari F, Daneshbod Y, Parwaresch R, Krams M, Wacker HH (2005) Lymphomas of the female genital tract: a study of 186 cases and review of the literature. The American journal of surgical pathology 29(11):1512–1520. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pas.0000178089.77018.a9
Nasioudis D, Kampaktsis PN, Frey M, Witkin SS, Holcomb K (2017) Primary lymphoma of the female genital tract: An analysis of 697 cases. Gynecologic oncology 145(2):305–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.043
Koh LP, Wong LC, Ng SB, Poon MLM, Low JJH (2009) Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the vulva: a typical cutaneous lesion with an 'atypical' presenting site. International journal of hematology 90(3):388–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-009-0395-1
Nakamura S, Kato M, Ichimura K, Yatabe Y, Kagami Y, Suzuki R, Taji H, Kondo E, Asakura S, Kojima M, Murakami S, Yamao K, Tsuzuki T, Adachi GK, Miwa A, Yoshidai T (2001) Peripheral T/natural killer-cell lymphoma involving the female genital tract: a clinicopathologic study of 5 cases. International journal of hematology 73(1):108–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981911
Cortez AC, Costa FD, Silveira TMB (2022) Vaginal ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with brentuximab vedotin: a case report and literature review. Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy 44(3):456–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2022.01.008
Steven SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, Thiele J, Arber DA, Hasserjian RP, Le Beau MM, Orazi A, Siebert R (2017) WHO Classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Sibon D, Nguyen DP, Schmitz N, Suzuki R, Feldman AL, Gressin R, Lamant L, Weisenburger DD, Rosenwald A, Nakamura S, Ziepert M, Maurer MJ, Bast M, Armitage JO, Vose JM, Tilly H, Jais JP, Savage KJ (2019) ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in adults: an individual patient data pooled analysis of 263 patients. Haematologica 104(12):e562–e565. https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2018.213512
Savage KJ, Harris NL, Vose JM, Ullrich F, Jaffe ES, Connors JM, Rimsza L, Pileri SA, Chhanabhai M, Gascoyne RD, Armitage JO, Weisenburger DD, International Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Project (2008) ALK- anaplastic large-cell lymphoma is clinically and immunophenotypically different from both ALK+ ALCL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: report from the International Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Project. Blood 111(12):5496–5504. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-01-134270
Funding
This study was not supported by any funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Informed consent
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Mingola, P., Alshomrani, A. & Greiner, T. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as a mass in the uterine cervix: a case report. J Hematopathol 17, 23–26 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-023-00568-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-023-00568-1