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Characterization and exploring genetic potential of landraces from Odisha with special emphasis on grain micronutrient content for benefaction of biofortification in rice

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Abstract

Assessing genetic variability of micronutrient content in association with qualitative and quantitative traits in germplasm is prerequisite for effective biofortification programme. Odisha, a state of eastern India is considered as one of the most potential hot spot of diversity of cultivated rice for grain yield and nutritional traits. Significant variability for most of the qualitative and quantitative traits including Fe and Zn content was observed in a set of 293 germplasm with varying kernel colour encompassing 14 districts of Odisha. Mostly these landraces were low yielding with some exception (Haldigundi: AC 36454, 50.08 g/plant). These landraces were mostly represented by medium Fe (10–20 ppm)—medium Zn group (20–30 ppm). Fe and Zn content had positive association with each other and also with grain size. Landraces with red kernel colour were observed to have slightly higher average Zn content (26.30 ppm) as compared to white (25.87 ppm) grains. Diversity analysis of 14 districts revealed that Nayagarh, a south-eastern district was rich in Fe content while Deogarh, Keonjhar and Mayurbhanj, all north-western districts were rich in Zn content. This study identified 10 superior micronutrient dense genotypes with medium to high Fe and Zn content. This set of donors for micronutrient content was validated in another year. Champeisiali (AC 43368) and Gedemalati (AC 34306) with highest Fe (44.1 ppm) and Zn (40.48 ppm) content, respectively were detected over the environments. Identified donors and associated traits could be utilized in biofortificaion programme using appropriate breeding methodologies for enhancing micronutrients in high yielding background.

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We declared that materials and raw data described in the manuscript will be available to any scientist wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes, without breaching participant confidentiality.

Abbreviations

CP:

Coleoptile colour

BLS:

Basal leaf sheath colour

LP:

Leaf pubescence

STC:

Stigma colour

LIS:

Ligule shape

PAN:

Panicle type

APC:

Apiculus colour

LSEN:

Leaf senescence

THR:

Threshability

KC:

Kernel colour

LB:

Leaf blade colour

AUC:

Auricle colour

AWN:

Awning

PANE:

Panicle exertion

FLA:

Flag leaf angle

G:

Green

P:

Purple

Pli:

Purple line

INT:

Intermediate

PUB:

Pubescence

W:

White

CLE:

Cleft

ST:

Straw

RAP:

Red apex

SL:

Slow

R:

Red

ME:

Moderate exerted

S:

Liguleshape

PH:

Plant height

LL:

Leaf length

LW:

Leaf width

ET:

Effective tiller

DFFL:

Days to 50% flowering

PL:

Panicle length

HGW:

Hundred grain weight

Fert:

Fertility percentage

Fe:

Iron

Zn:

Zinc

GL:

Grain length

GB:

Grain Breadth

L/B:

Length breadth ratio

Y:

Yield

PCV:

Phenotypic coefficient of variation

GCV:

Genotypic coefficient of variation

ECV:

Environmental coefficient of variation

BSH:

Broad sense heritability

GA:

Genetic advance

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to Director, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India and the ‘Harvest Plus programme: Biofortification in rice’, IFPRI, Rome for providing necessary funding and facilities for execution of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India

    Priyadarsini Sanghamitra, Lotan Kumar Bose, Torit Baran Bagchi, Awadhesh Kumar, Pritesh Sundar Roy, Nutan Moharana, Bhaskar Chandra Patra & Krishnendu Chattopadhyay

  2. ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India

    G. Padmavati

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  1. Priyadarsini Sanghamitra
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  2. Lotan Kumar Bose
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  9. Krishnendu Chattopadhyay
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Contributions

BCP provided the germplasm material. PS, KC, GP conducted field experiments, for micronutrient analysis, prepared the manuscript. LKB, TB, AK, KC conducted statistical analysis. NM, PS involved in graphical presentation of the data.

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Correspondence to Krishnendu Chattopadhyay.

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Sanghamitra, P., Bose, L.K., Bagchi, T.B. et al. Characterization and exploring genetic potential of landraces from Odisha with special emphasis on grain micronutrient content for benefaction of biofortification in rice. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 28, 203–221 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01119-7

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