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Physiological homeostasis for ecological success of Typha (Typha domingensis Pers.) populations in saline soils

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Abstract

The natural capacity of plants to endure salt stress is largely regulated by multifaceted structural and physio-biochemical modulations. Salt toxicity endurance mechanism of six ecotypes of Typha domingensis Pers. was evaluated by analyzing photosynthesis, ionic homeostasis, and stomatal physiology under different levels of salinity (0, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl). Typha populations were collected across different areas of Punjab, an eastern province in Pakistan. All studied attributes among ecotypes presented differential changes as compared to control. Different salt treatments not only affected gas exchange attributes but also shown significant modifications in stomatal anatomical changes. As compared to control, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, total chlorophyll contents and carotenoids were increased by 111%, 64%, 103% and 171% respectively, in Sahianwala ecotype among all other ecotypes. Similarly, maximum water use efficiency (WUE), sub stomatal CO2 concentration, sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) contents were observed in Sahianwala (191%, 93%, 168%, 158%) and Knotti (162%, 75%, 146%, 182%) respectively, as compared to the others ecotypes. Adaxial and abaxial stomatal areas remained stable in Sahianwala and Knotti. The highest abaxial stomatal density was observed in Gatwala ecotype (42 mm2) and maximum adaxial stomatal density was recorded in Sahianwala ecotype (43 mm2) at 300 mM NaCl salinity. The current study showed that Typha ecotypes responded varyingly to salinity in terms of photosynthesis attributes to avoid damages due to salinity. Overall, differential photosynthetic activity, WUE, and changes in stomatal attributes of Sahianwala and Knotti ecotypes contributed more prominently in tolerating salinity stress. Therefore, Typha domingensis is a potential species to be used to rehabilitate salt affected lands for agriculture and aquatic habitat.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the deanship of scientific research, King Khalid University for funding work through research group program under Grant R.G.P. 2/11/42

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  1. Noreen Akhter and Muhammad Aqeel have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Noreen Akhter, Abida Kousar, Hina Kanwal & Aisha Ilyas

  2. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Aqeel

  3. Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College of Science, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Muslim Shahnaz

  4. Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Muslim Shahnaz & Ali Noman

  5. Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 2014, Saudi Arabia

    Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi

  6. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

    Suliman Mohammed Alghanem

  7. Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Hashem & Saad Alamri

  8. Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt

    Mohamed Hashem

  9. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science in Yanbu, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia

    Omar Mahmoud Al-zoubi

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  1. Noreen Akhter
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Akhter, N., Aqeel, M., Shahnaz, M.M. et al. Physiological homeostasis for ecological success of Typha (Typha domingensis Pers.) populations in saline soils. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 687–701 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-00963-x

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