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Genetic diversity in leafy mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SSR markers

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Abstract

Leafy mustard (B. juncea var. rugosa) constitutes an important group of vegetable mustard crops in India and is mainly cultivated in home-backyard and hilly regions of Uttarakhand and some North-eastern states. In the present study, various agro-morphological traits, physiological and biochemical traits along with SSR markers were used for genetic diversity evaluation in a germplasm collection of leafy mustard. This study revealed a significant variation among 59 accessions of leafy mustard in both qualitative and quantitative agro-morphological traits indicating the accessions’ promising potential for consumption purpose and for use in breeding programs. Maximum variability was recorded for leaf area elongation rate (CV = 53.12%), followed by total plant weight (TPW) (CV = 50.63%) and seed yield per plant (CV = 44.33%). In molecular analysis, 155 SSRs evaluated resulted in 482 alleles and the number of alleles varied form 1 to 8 with an average of 3.11 alleles per marker. A total of 122 (78.70%) SSRs resulted into polymorphic amplicons. PIC value varied from 0.32 to 0.77 with an average value of 0.44 per SSR locus. The unweighted neighbour-joining-based dendrogram analysis divided all the 59 accessions into two major groups on the basis of both agro-morphological traits and SSR markers, whereas, three subpopulations/subgroups were predicted by population STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA indicated the presence of more variability within population than among population. Overall, agro-morphologically better performing and genetically diverse genotypes have been identified which could be further used as donors for leafy mustard improvement programs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are highly thankful to the Director, ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur for providing facilities to carry out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302 006, India

    Deepika Sharma & Kumar Sambhav Verma

  2. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute-Regional Station, Wellington, Tamilnadu, 643 231, India

    J. Nanjundan

  3. ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 321 303, India

    Lal Singh, S. P. Singh, Nehanjali Parmar, M. S. Sujith Kumar, K. H. Singh & Ajay Kumar Thakur

  4. ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793 103, India

    A. K. Mishra

  5. ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Ranbir Singh

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  1. Deepika Sharma
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  2. J. Nanjundan
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  3. Lal Singh
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  4. S. P. Singh
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  5. Nehanjali Parmar
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  6. M. S. Sujith Kumar
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  7. K. H. Singh
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  9. Ranbir Singh
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  10. Kumar Sambhav Verma
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  11. Ajay Kumar Thakur
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Correspondence to Ajay Kumar Thakur.

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Sharma, D., Nanjundan, J., Singh, L. et al. Genetic diversity in leafy mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SSR markers. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 26, 2005–2018 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00883-2

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