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Genetic variation of a global germplasm collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) including Italian accessions at risk of genetic erosion

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Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important legumes worldwide. We addressed this study to the genetic characterization of a germplasm collection from main chickpea growing countries. Several Italian traditional landraces at risk of genetic erosion were included in the analysis. Twenty-two simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, widely used to explore genetic variation in plants, were selected and yielded 218 different alleles. Structure analysis and hierarchical clustering indicated that a model with three distinct subpopulations best fits the data. The composition of two subpopulations, named K1 and K2, broadly reflects the commercial classification of chickpea in the two types desi and kabuli, respectively. The third subpopulation (K3) is composed by both desi and kabuli genotypes. Italian accessions group both in K2 and K3. Interestingly, this study highlights genetic distance between desi genotypes cultivated in Asia and Ethiopia, which respectively represent the chickpea primary and the secondary centres of diversity. Moreover, European desi are closer to the Ethiopian gene pool. Overall, this study will be of importance for chickpea conservation genetics and breeding, which is limited by the poor characterization of germplasm collection.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the SaVeGraINPuglia Programme (Reg.CE n. 1698/2005 Programma di Sviluppo rurale per la Puglia 2007/2013. Misura 214—Azione 4 Sub azione a). The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Venturino Bisignano for kindly providing some Apulian genotypes characterized in this study.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy

      C. De Giovanni, S. Pavan, F. Taranto, V. Di Rienzo, M. M. Miazzi, A. R. Marcotrigiano, G. Mangini, C. Montemurro & L. Ricciardi

    2. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71100, Foggia, Italy

      C. Lotti

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    1. C. De Giovanni
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    2. S. Pavan
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    3. F. Taranto
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    4. V. Di Rienzo
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    5. M. M. Miazzi
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    6. A. R. Marcotrigiano
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    Correspondence to C. De Giovanni or S. Pavan.

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    C. De Giovanni and S. Pavan have contributed equally to this work.

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    De Giovanni, C., Pavan, S., Taranto, F. et al. Genetic variation of a global germplasm collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) including Italian accessions at risk of genetic erosion. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 23, 197–205 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-016-0397-4

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-016-0397-4

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