Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Prognostic Factors in Patients with Low-Grade Nonhodgkin Lymphoma

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Low-grade Nonhodgkin lymphoma (LG-NHL) is characterized by indolent clinical course, which consist of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), follicular lymphoma (FL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) as the most common subtypes. Factors affecting prognosis and treatment need in these patients have long been the subject of research. A retrospective study was conducted with patients diagnosed with LG-NHL in Hematology Departments of two centres between 2010 and 2018. At the time of diagnosis, demographic and disease characteristics, hematological and biochemical parameters were examined. Using these data, treatment requirements, response and survival rates were calculated. The effect of parameters on survival and need to treatment were analyzed. 93 LG-NHL patients were included in this study. 40 (43%) of these patients were MZL, 28 (30.1%) were FL and 25 (26.8%) were others. In comparison of patients required treatment with patients without treatment, there was significant difference among the number of comorbidity, platelet count, neutrophil count, disease subgroups and ferritin levels. Logistic regression analysis revealed that disease subgroup (other than MZL and FL) and ferritin levels were independent risk factors for need to treatment. Only ferritin level was found to be associated with overall survival. The current study demonstrated an association between serum ferritin levels and prognosis in patients with LG-NHL. Given that it is easily available and low-cost, the initial ferritin level can be used as a prognostic marker for patients with indolent lymphoma.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R et al (2016) The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood 127(20):2375–2390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Morin RD, Marra MA, Mungall AJ, Hirst M, Mendez-Lago M, Gascoyne RD et al. (2018) Biomarkers for non-hodgkin lymphomas and uses thereof. Google Patents

  3. Rosenberg S, Dorfman R, Kaplan H (1975) A summary of the results of a review of 405 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at Stanford University. Br J Cancer Suppl 2:168

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Cabanillas F, Rivera N, Pardo WI (2016) Indolent Lymphomas that present with clinically aggressive features: a subset of low-grade lymphomas with a behavior inconsistent with the histologic diagnosis. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leukemia. 16(10):550–557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Arcaini L, Rattotti S, Gotti M, Luminari S (2012) Prognostic assessment in patients with indolent B-cell lymphomas. Sci World J 2012: 107892

  6. Federico M, Bellei M, Marcheselli L, Luminari S, Lopez-Guillermo A, Vitolo U et al (2009) Follicular lymphoma international prognostic index 2: a new prognostic index for follicular lymphoma developed by the international follicular lymphoma prognostic factor project. J Clin Oncol 27(27):4555–4562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Wu CJ (2012) CLL clonal heterogeneity: an ecology of competing subpopulations. Blood 120(20):4117–4118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Federico M, Molica S, Bellei M, Luminari S (2009) Prognostic factors in low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Curr Hematol Malignancy Rep 4(4):202–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sehn LH (2006) Optimal use of prognostic factors in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. ASH Educ Program Book 2006(1):295–302

    Google Scholar 

  10. Aulbert E, Fromm H, Hornemann H (1991) Ferritin in acute leukemia. Serum ferritin concentration as a nonspecific tumor marker for M1 and M2 myeloid leukemia. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany: 1983) 86(6):297–304

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Matzner Y, Konijn A, Hershko C (1980) Serum ferritin in hematologic malignancies. Am J Hematol 9(1):13–22

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Ohnishi K, Shimizu K, Yamada H, Kunii A (1985) Quantification of ferritin-secreting cells in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Acta Haematol 73(3):145–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kalousová M, Krechler T, Jáchymová M, Kuběna AA, Žák A, Zima T (2012) Ferritin as an independent mortality predictor in patients with pancreas cancer. Results of a pilot study. Tumor Biol 33(5):1695–1700

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Alkhateeb AA, Connor JR (2013) The significance of ferritin in cancer: anti-oxidation, inflammation and tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)-Rev Cancer. 1836(2):245–54

  15. Alkhateeb AA, Connor JR (2010) Nuclear ferritin: a new role for ferritin in cell biology. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)-Gen Sub 1800(8):793–7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Recalcati S, Invernizzi P, Arosio P, Cairo G (2008) New functions for an iron storage protein: the role of ferritin in immunity and autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 30(1–2):84–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Yoh KA, Lee HS, Park LC, Lee EM, Shin SH, Park DJ et al (2014) The prognostic significance of elevated levels of serum ferritin before chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leukemia 14(1):43–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Dörner MH, Abel U, Fritze D, Manke HG, Drings P (1983) Serum ferritin in relation to the course of Hodgkin's disease. Cancer 52(12):2308–2312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Koyama S, Fujisawa S, Watanabe R, Itabashi M, Ishibashi D, Ishii Y et al (2017) Serum ferritin level is a prognostic marker in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Int J Lab Hematol 39(1):112–117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhang X-Z, Su A-L, Hu M-Q, Zhang X-Q, Xu Y-L (2014) Elevated serum ferritin levels in patients with hematologic malignancies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 15(15):6099–6101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Aulbert E, Steffens O (1990) Serum ferritin–a tumor marker in malignant lymphomas? Onkologie 13(2):102–108. https://doi.org/10.1159/000216735

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Pınar Cömert, Abdulkerim Yıldız, Hacer Berna Afacan Öztürk, Çiğdem Pala & Murat Albayrak

  2. Department of Hematology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Murat Yıldırım & Meltem Aylı

Authors
  1. Pınar Cömert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abdulkerim Yıldız
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Murat Yıldırım
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hacer Berna Afacan Öztürk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Çiğdem Pala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Murat Albayrak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Meltem Aylı
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pınar Cömert.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

They authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cömert, P., Yıldız, A., Yıldırım, M. et al. Prognostic Factors in Patients with Low-Grade Nonhodgkin Lymphoma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 36, 78–83 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12288-019-01168-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12288-019-01168-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation