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Absence of Myocardial Involvement After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Asymptomatic Adolescents

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of subclinical myocardial damage in adolescents who were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. One hundred twenty asymptomatic adolescents with a mean age of 16.0 ± 0.4 years (51% girls) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibody testing was performed, and self-reported dates of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination were collected. Participants were classified according to SARS-CoV-2 status as naïve (non-infected and unvaccinated, n = 74), infected (unvaccinated, n = 23), and vaccinated (independently of past infection status, n = 23). Biventricular volumes and ejection fraction and myocardial T2 relaxation time were similar in the three groups. T1 relaxation time was slightly higher in vaccinated adolescents (1249 ± 35 ms) than in naïve and infected participants (1231 ± 30 ms and 1227 ± 29 ms, respectively; p = 0.035), although this difference was considered clinically irrelevant. This observational study found no evidence of relevant subclinical myocardial involvement after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in asymptomatic adolescents.

Graphical Abstract

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

CMR:

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance

EnIGMA:

Early ImaGing Markers of unhealthy lifestyles in Adolescents

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to adolescents who participated in the study. Simon Bartlett (CNIC) provided English editing. This work was presented as moderated poster at the European Society of Cardiology Congress (Barcelona, August 2022). The Graphical Abstract has been designed using images from Flaticon.com.

Funding

The EnIGMA (Early ImaGing Markers of unhealthy lifestyles in Adolescents) study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project “PI19/01704” and co-funded by the European Union. CR is granted by the Fundacion Interhospitalaria para la Investigación Cardiovascular. J.M-G is a recipient of grant FPU21/04891 (Ayudas para la formación de profesorado universitario, FPU-2021) from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Rocío Párraga, Carlos Real, Inés García-Lunar, Gonzalo Pizarro, Ernesto González-Calvo, Juan Miguel Fernandez-Alvira, Jesús Martínez-Gómez & Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez

  2. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain

    Rocío Párraga, Carlos Real, Ernesto González-Calvo & Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez

  3. Cardiology Department, University Hospital La Moraleja, Madrid, Spain

    Inés García-Lunar

  4. CIBER de enfermedades cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain

    Inés García-Lunar, Gonzalo Pizarro & Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez

  5. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Ruber Juan Bravo Quironsalud UEM, Madrid, Spain

    Gonzalo Pizarro

  6. Philips Healthcare Spain, Madrid, Spain

    Javier Sánchez-González

  7. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    Raquel Diaz-Munoz

Authors
  1. Rocío Párraga
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  2. Carlos Real
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  3. Inés García-Lunar
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  4. Gonzalo Pizarro
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  5. Javier Sánchez-González
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  6. Raquel Diaz-Munoz
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  7. Ernesto González-Calvo
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  8. Juan Miguel Fernandez-Alvira
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  9. Jesús Martínez-Gómez
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  10. Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez
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Contributions

RP performed recruitment of participants and consent process, made substantial contributions to the interpretation of data, and drafted the initial manuscript.

CR made substantial contribution to the design of the data collection tools, coordinated recruitment of participants and consent process, and made substantial contributions to the interpretation of data.

IG-L and GP performed imaging analyses and made substantial contributions to the interpretation of data.

JS-G designed the imaging protocol and made substantial contributions to the interpretation of data.

RD-M assisted with recruitment of participants and consent process, made substantial contributions to the acquisition of imaging and anthropometric data, and performed capillary blood tests.

EG-C assisted with recruitment of participants and consent process, made substantial contributions to the acquisition of imaging data, and performed analyses of quality assessment for acquired images.

JMF-A and JM-G conducted statistical analyses.

RF-J conceptualized, designed, and coordinated the overall study.

All authors revised the manuscript critically for relevant intellectual content, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The authors confirm that participant consent forms have been obtained for this article. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.

Conflict of Interest

Javier Sánchez-González is a Philips Healthcare employee. The rest of the authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Associate Editor Paul J. R. Barton oversaw the review of this article

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Párraga, R., Real, C., García-Lunar, I. et al. Absence of Myocardial Involvement After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Asymptomatic Adolescents. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-023-10455-w

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