Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Myocardial Infarction in Sickle Cell Disease: Use of Translational Imaging to Diagnose an Under-Recognized Problem

  • Published:
Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Defer no time, delays have dangerous ends. –William Shakespeare, King Henry VI, part I

Abstract

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder in which microvascular occlusion causes complications across multiple organ systems. The precise incidence of myocardial ischemia and infarction (MI), potentially under-recognized microvascular disease-related complications, remains unknown. The absence of typical atherosclerotic lesions seen in other patients with MI suggests a microvascular mechanism of myocardial injury. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can demonstrate microvascular disease, making it an appealing modality to assess symptomatic SCD patients. We demonstrate in several dramatic instances how CMR is uniquely able to depict cardiac microvascular obstruction in patients with SCD and chest pain, without which the possibility of myocardial injury would almost certainly be otherwise neglected. Much remains unknown regarding ischemic heart disease in patients with SCD including prevalence, detection, and management. Further work to define evaluation and management algorithms for chest pain in SCD and to develop risk assessment tools may reduce sudden cardiac death in this population.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Weatherall, D. J. (2010). The inherited diseases of hemoglobin are an emerging global health burden. Blood, 115, 4331–4336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. NHS Sickle Cell & Thalassaemia Screening Programme. http://sct.screening.nhs.uk/. Accessed 27 April 2012.

  3. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/Features/SickleCellAwareness/. Accessed 13 August 2011.

  4. Pavlu, J., Ahmed, R. E., O’Regan, D. P., Partridge, J., Lefroy, D. C., & Layton, D. M. (2007). Myocardial infarction in sickle-cell disease. Lancet, 369, 246.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Powars, D. R., Chan, L. S., Hiti, A., Ramicone, E., & Johnson, C. (2005). Outcome of sickle cell anemia: a 4-decade observational study of 1056 patients. Medicine (Baltimore), 84, 363–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Mekontso Dessap, A., Leon, R., Habibi, A., Nzouakou, R., Roudot-Thoraval, F., Adnot, S., Godeau, B., Galacteros, F., Brun-Buisson, C., Brochard, L., & Maitre, B. (2008). Pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale during severe acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 177, 646–653.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Castro, O., & Gladwin, M. T. (2005). Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease: mechanisms, diagnosis, and management. Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America, 19, 881–896.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Powars, D., Weidman, J. A., Odom-Maryon, T., Niland, J. C., & Johnson, C. (1988). Sickle cell chronic lung disease: prior morbidity and the risk of pulmonary failure. Medicine (Baltimore), 67, 66–76.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Herrick, J. B. (1910). Peculiar elongated and sickled red blood corpuscles in a case of severe anaemia. Archives of Internal Medicine, 6, 517–521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. James, T. N. (2000). Homage to James B. Herrick: a contemporary look at myocardial infarction and at sickle-cell heart disease: the 32nd Annual Herrick Lecture of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association. Circulation, 101, 1874–1887.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fertrin, K. Y., & Costa, F. F. (2010). Genomic polymorphisms in sickle cell disease: implications for clinical diversity and treatment. Expert Review of Hematology, 3, 443–458.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Stuart, M. J., & Nagel, R. L. (2004). Sickle-cell disease. Lancet, 364, 1343–1360.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Orkin, S. H., & Higgs, D. R. (2010). Medicine. Sickle cell disease at 100 years. Science, 329, 291–292.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lanzkron, S., Strouse, J. J., Wilson, R., Beach, M. C., Haywood, C., Park, H., Witkop, C., Bass, E. B., & Segal, J. B. (2008). Systematic review: Hydroxyurea for the treatment of adults with sickle cell disease. Annals of Internal Medicine, 148, 939–955.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Morris, C. R. (2008). Mechanisms of vasculopathy in sickle cell disease and thalassemia. Hematology American Society of Hematology Education Program, 2008, 177–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Wood, K. C., Hsu, L. L., & Gladwin, M. T. (2008). Sickle cell disease vasculopathy: a state of nitric oxide resistance. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 44, 1506–1528.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Reiter, C. D., Wang, X., Tanus-Santos, J. E., Hogg, N., Cannon, R. O., 3rd, Schechter, A. N., & Gladwin, M. T. (2002). Cell-free hemoglobin limits nitric oxide bioavailability in sickle-cell disease. Nature Medicine, 8, 1383–1389.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Aslan, M., & Freeman, B. A. (2004). Oxidant-mediated impairment of nitric oxide signaling in sickle cell disease—mechanisms and consequences. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France), 50, 95–105.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Machado, R. F., Martyr, S., Kato, G. J., Barst, R. J., Anthi, A., Robinson, M. R., Hunter, L., Coles, W., Nichols, J., Hunter, C., Sachdev, V., Castro, O., & Gladwin, M. T. (2005). Sildenafil therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension. British Journal of Haematology, 130, 445–453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Assanasen, C., Quinton, R. A., & Buchanan, G. R. (2003). Acute myocardial infarction in sickle cell anemia. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 25, 978–981.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Barrett, O., Jr., Saunders, D. E., Jr., McFarland, D. E., & Humphries, J. O. (1984). Myocardial infarction in sickle cell anemia. American Journal of Hematology, 16, 139–147.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Dang, N. C., Johnson, C., Eslami-Farsani, M., & Haywood, L. J. (2005). Myocardial injury or infarction associated with fat embolism in sickle cell disease: a report of three cases with survival. American Journal of Hematology, 80, 133–136.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. de Montalembert, M., Maunoury, C., Acar, P., Brousse, V., Sidi, D., & Lenoir, G. (2004). Myocardial ischaemia in children with sickle cell disease. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 89, 359–362.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Deymann, A. J., & Goertz, K. K. (2003). Myocardial infarction and transient ventricular dysfunction in an adolescent with sickle cell disease. Pediatrics, 111, E183–187.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Martin, C. R., Cobb, C., Tatter, D., Johnson, C., & Haywood, L. J. (1983). Acute myocardial infarction in sickle cell anemia. Archives of Internal Medicine, 143, 830–831.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Martin, C. R., Johnson, C. S., Cobb, C., Tatter, D., & Haywood, L. J. (1996). Myocardial infarction in sickle cell disease. Journal of the National Medical Association, 88, 428–432.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Maunoury, C., Acar, P., de Montalembert, M., & Sidi, D. (2003). Myocardial perfusion in children with sickle cell disease. The American Journal of Cardiology, 91, 374–376.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. McCormick, W. F. (1988). Massive nonatherosclerotic myocardial infarction in sickle cell anemia. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 9, 151–154.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Norris, S., Johnson, C. S., & Haywood, L. J. (1991). Sickle cell anemia: does myocardial ischemia occur during crisis? Journal of the National Medical Association, 83, 209–213.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Saad, S. T., Arruda, V. R., Junqueira, O. O., Schelini, F. A., & Coelho, O. B. (1990). Acute myocardial infarction in sickle cell anaemia associated with severe hypoxia. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 66, 1068–1070.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Sherman, S. C., & Sule, H. P. (2004). Acute myocardial infarction in a young man with sickle cell disease. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 27, 31–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Wang, H., Laslett, L. J., Richman, C. M., & Wun, T. (2004). Acute myocardial infarction in hemoglobin SC disease. Annals of Hematology, 83, 622–624.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Oliveira, E. N. G.-P. (1963). Falcemic cardiopathy: report of a case. The American Journal of Cardiology, 11, 686–688.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Manci, E. A., Culberson, D. E., Yang, Y. M., Gardner, T. M., Powell, R., Haynes, J., Jr., Shah, A. K., & Mankad, V. N. (2003). Causes of death in sickle cell disease: an autopsy study. British Journal of Haematology, 123, 359–365.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Fitzhugh, C. D., Lauder, N., Jonassaint, J. C., Telen, M. J., Zhao, X., Wright, E. C., Gilliam, F. R., & De Castro, L. M. (2010). Cardiopulmonary complications leading to premature deaths in adult patients with sickle cell disease. American Journal of Hematology, 85, 36–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Platt, O. S., Brambilla, D. J., Rosse, W. F., Milner, P. F., Castro, O., Steinberg, M. H., & Klug, P. P. (1994). Mortality in sickle cell disease. Life expectancy and risk factors for early death. New England Journal of Medicine, 330, 1639–1644.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Kannel, W. B., Gordon, T., Castelli, W. P., & Margolis, J. R. (1970). Electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 72, 813–822.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Covitz, W., Espeland, M., Gallagher, D., Hellenbrand, W., Leff, S., & Talner, N. (1995). The heart in sickle cell anemia. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD). Chest, 108, 1214–1219.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Lester, L. A., Sodt, P. C., Hutcheon, N., & Arcilla, R. A. (1990). Cardiac abnormalities in children with sickle cell anemia. Chest, 98, 1169–1174.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Francis, R. B., Jr., & Johnson, C. S. (1991). Vascular occlusion in sickle cell disease: current concepts and unanswered questions. Blood, 77, 1405–1414.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Maisel, A., Friedman, H., Flint, L., Koshy, M., & Prabhu, R. (1983). Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in patients with sickle-cell anemia during pain crisis. Clinical Cardiology, 6, 339–344.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Pannu, R., Zhang, J., Andraws, R., Armani, A., Patel, P., & Mancusi-Ungaro, P. (2008). Acute myocardial infarction in sickle cell disease: a systematic review. Critical Pathways in Cardiology, 7, 133–138.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Mansi, I. A., & Rosner, F. (2002). Myocardial infarction in sickle cell disease. Journal of the National Medical Association, 94, 448–452.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Thygesen, K., Alpert, J. S., & White, H. D. (2007). Universal definition of myocardial infarction. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 50, 2173–2195.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Aslam, A. K., Rodriguez, C., Aslam, A. F., Vasavada, B. C., & Khan, I. A. (2009). Cardiac troponin I in sickle cell crisis. International Journal of Cardiology, 133, 138–139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Lippi, G., De Franceschi, L., Salvagno, G. L., Pavan, C., Montagnana, M., & Guidi, G. C. (2009). Cardiac troponin T during sickle cell crisis. International Journal of Cardiology, 136, 357–358.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Gladwin, M. T., Sachdev, V., Jison, M. L., Shizukuda, Y., Plehn, J. F., Minter, K., Brown, B., Coles, W. A., Nichols, J. S., Ernst, I., Hunter, L. A., Blackwelder, W. C., Schechter, A. N., Rodgers, G. P., Castro, O., & Ognibene, F. P. (2004). Pulmonary hypertension as a risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 350, 886–895.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Simmons, B. E., Santhanam, V., Castaner, A., Rao, K. R., Sachdev, N., & Cooper, R. (1988). Sickle cell heart disease. Two-dimensional echo and Doppler ultrasonographic findings in the hearts of adult patients with sickle cell anemia. Archives of Internal Medicine, 148, 1526–1528.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Parent, F., Bachir, D., Inamo, J., Lionnet, F., Driss, F., Loko, G., Habibi, A., Bennani, S., Savale, L., Adnot, S., Maitre, B., Yaici, A., Hajji, L., O’Callaghan, D. S., Clerson, P., Girot, R., Galacteros, F., & Simonneau, G. (2011). A hemodynamic study of pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 365, 44–53.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Sachdev, V., Machado, R. F., Shizukuda, Y., Rao, Y. N., Sidenko, S., Ernst, I., St Peter, M., Coles, W. A., Rosing, D. R., Blackwelder, W. C., Castro, O., Kato, G. J., & Gladwin, M. T. (2007). Diastolic dysfunction is an independent risk factor for death in patients with sickle cell disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 49, 472–479.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Peltier, M., Vancraeynest, D., Pasquet, A., Ay, T., Roelants, V., D’Hondt, A. M., Melin, J. A., & Vanoverschelde, J. L. (2004). Assessment of the physiologic significance of coronary disease with dipyridamole real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography. Comparison with technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography and quantitative coronary angiography. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 43, 257–264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Almeida, A. G., Araujo, F., Rego, F., David, C., Lopes, M. G., & Ducla-Soares, J. (2008). Abnormal myocardial flow reserve in sickle cell disease: a myocardial contrast echocardiography study. Echocardiography, 25, 591–599.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Honos, G., Amyot, R., Choy, J., Leong-Poi, H., Schnell, G., & Yu, E. (2007). Contrast echocardiography in Canada: Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Society of Echocardiography position paper. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 23, 351–356.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Gerber, B. L., Raman, S. V., Nayak, K., Epstein, F. H., Ferreira, P., Axel, L., & Kraitchman, D. L. (2008). Myocardial first-pass perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance: history, theory, and current state of the art. Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, 10, 18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Panting, J. R., Gatehouse, P. D., Yang, G. Z., Grothues, F., Firmin, D. N., Collins, P., & Pennell, D. J. (2002). Abnormal subendocardial perfusion in cardiac syndrome X detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. The New England Journal of Medicine, 346, 1948–1953.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Raman, S. V., Simonetti, O. P., Cataland, S. R., & Kraut, E. H. (2006). Myocardial ischemia and right ventricular dysfunction in adult patients with sickle cell disease. Haematologica, 91, 1329–1335.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Carpenter JP, He T, Kirk P, Roughton M, Anderson LJ, de Noronha SV, Sheppard MN, Porter JB, Walker JM, Wood JC, Galanello R, Forni G, Catani G, Matta G, Fucharoen S, Fleming A, House MJ, Black G, Firmin DN, St Pierre TG, Pennell DJ (2011) On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron. Circulation 123:1519–1528

    Google Scholar 

  58. Wood, J. C., Tyszka, J. M., Carson, S., Nelson, M. D., & Coates, T. D. (2004). Myocardial iron loading in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Blood, 103, 1934–1936.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Kim, R. J., Fieno, D. S., Parrish, T. B., Harris, K., Chen, E. L., Simonetti, O., Bundy, J., Finn, J. P., Klocke, F. J., & Judd, R. M. (1999). Relationship of MRI delayed contrast enhancement to irreversible injury, infarct age, and contractile function. Circulation, 100, 1992–2002.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Anderson, J. L., Adams, C. D., Antman, E. M., Bridges, C. R., Califf, R. M., Casey, D. E., Jr., Chavey, W. E., 2nd, Fesmire, F. M., Hochman, J. S., Levin, T. N., Lincoff, A. M., Peterson, E. D., Theroux, P., Wenger, N. K., Wright, R. S., Smith, S. C., Jr., Jacobs, A. K., Halperin, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Krumholz, H. M., Kushner, F. G., Lytle, B. W., Nishimura, R., Ornato, J. P., Page, R. L., & Riegel, B. (2007). ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) developed in collaboration with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 50, e1–e157.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Antman, E. M., Hand, M., Armstrong, P. W., Bates, E. R., Green, L. A., Halasyamani, L. K., Hochman, J. S., Krumholz, H. M., Lamas, G. A., Mullany, C. J., Pearle, D. L., Sloan, M. A., Smith, S. C., Jr., Anbe, D. T., Kushner, F. G., Ornato, J. P., Jacobs, A. K., Adams, C. D., Anderson, J. L., Buller, C. E., Creager, M. A., Ettinger, S. M., Halperin, J. L., Hunt, S. A., Lytle, B. W., Nishimura, R., Page, R. L., Riegel, B., Tarkington, L. G., & Yancy, C. W. (2008). 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the Canadian Cardiovascular Society endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Writing on Behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee. Circulation, 117, 296–329.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Russell, M. O., Goldberg, H. I., Hodson, A., Kim, H. C., Halus, J., Reivich, M., & Schwartz, E. (1984). Effect of transfusion therapy on arteriographic abnormalities and on recurrence of stroke in sickle cell disease. Blood, 63, 162–169.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Khalique Z, Pavlu J, Lefroy D, Layton M (2010) Erythrocytapheresis in the prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction in sickle cell disease. American Journal of Hematology 85:91

    Google Scholar 

  64. Atz, A. M., & Wessel, D. L. (1997). Inhaled nitric oxide in sickle cell disease with acute chest syndrome. Anesthesiology, 87, 988–990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Sullivan, K. J., Goodwin, S. R., Evangelist, J., Moore, R. D., & Mehta, P. (1999). Nitric oxide successfully used to treat acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease in a young adolescent. Critical Care Medicine, 27, 2563–2568.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Head CA, Swerdlow P, McDade WA, Joshi RM, Ikuta T, Cooper ML, Eckman JR (2010) Beneficial effects of nitric oxide breathing in adult patients with sickle cell crisis. American Journal of Hematology 85:800–802

    Google Scholar 

  67. Gladwin MT, Kato GJ, Weiner D, Onyekwere OC, Dampier C, Hsu L, Hagar RW, Howard T, Nuss R, Okam MM, Tremonti CK, Berman B, Villella A, Krishnamurti L, Lanzkron S, Castro O, Gordeuk VR, Coles WA, Peters-Lawrence M, Nichols J, Hall MK, Hildesheim M, Blackwelder WC, Baldassarre J, Casella JF (2011) Nitric oxide for inhalation in the acute treatment of sickle cell pain crisis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 305:893–902

    Google Scholar 

  68. Hataishi, R., Rodrigues, A. C., Neilan, T. G., Morgan, J. G., Buys, E., Shiva, S., Tambouret, R., Jassal, D. S., Raher, M. J., Furutani, E., Ichinose, F., Gladwin, M. T., Rosenzweig, A., Zapol, W. M., Picard, M. H., Bloch, K. D., & Scherrer-Crosbie, M. (2006). Inhaled nitric oxide decreases infarction size and improves left ventricular function in a murine model of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 291, H379–H384.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Theuns, D. A., Smith, T., Hunink, M. G., Bardy, G. H., & Jordaens, L. (2010). Effectiveness of prophylactic implantation of cardioverter-defibrillators without cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with ischaemic or non-ischaemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Europace, 12, 1564–1570.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Fibach, E. (2001). Cell culture and animal models to screen for promising fetal hemoglobin-stimulating compounds. Seminars in Hematology, 38, 374–381.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Hebbel, R. P., Vercellotti, G. M., Pace, B. S., Solovey, A. N., Kollander, R., Abanonu, C. F., Nguyen, J., Vineyard, J. V., Belcher, J. D., Abdulla, F., Osifuye, S., Eaton, J. W., Kelm, R. J., Jr., & Slungaard, A. (2010). The HDAC inhibitors trichostatin A and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid exhibit multiple modalities of benefit for the vascular pathobiology of sickle transgenic mice. Blood, 115, 2483–2490.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Woodruff, A. W. (1970). Sickle-cell anaemia with complicating coronary infarction. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 63, 1314.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Rubler, S., & Fleischer, R. A. (1967). Sickle cell states and cardiomyopathy. Sudden death due to pulmonary thrombosis and infarction. The American Journal of Cardiology, 19, 867–873.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Uzsoy, N. K. (1964). Cardiovascular findings in patients with sickle cell anemia. The American Journal of Cardiology, 13, 320–328.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Tanner, M. A., Westwood, M. A., & Pennell, D. J. (2006). Myocardial infarction following sickle cell chest syndrome. British Journal of Haematology, 134, 2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Financial support

Dr. Raman is supported in part by 1R01HL095563

Financial disclosures

Dr. Raman receives support from Siemens

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Ave, Suite 200, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Paul Chacko, Eric H. Kraut, Jay Zweier, Charles Hitchcock & Subha V. Raman

Authors
  1. Paul Chacko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eric H. Kraut
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jay Zweier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Charles Hitchcock
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Subha V. Raman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subha V. Raman.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chacko, P., Kraut, E.H., Zweier, J. et al. Myocardial Infarction in Sickle Cell Disease: Use of Translational Imaging to Diagnose an Under-Recognized Problem. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 6, 752–761 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-012-9426-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-012-9426-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation