Abstract
Animal survival necessitates adaptive behaviors in volatile environmental contexts. Virtual reality (VR) technology is instrumental to study the neural mechanisms underlying behaviors modulated by environmental context by simulating the real world with maximized control of contextual elements. Yet current VR tools for rodents have limited flexibility and performance (e.g., frame rate) for context-dependent cognitive research. Here, we describe a high-performance VR platform with which to study contextual behaviors immersed in editable virtual contexts. This platform was assembled from modular hardware and custom-written software with flexibility and upgradability. Using this platform, we trained mice to perform context-dependent cognitive tasks with rules ranging from discrimination to delayed-sample-to-match while recording from thousands of hippocampal place cells. By precise manipulations of context elements, we found that the context recognition was intact with partial context elements, but impaired by exchanges of context elements. Collectively, our work establishes a configurable VR platform with which to investigate context-dependent cognition with large-scale neural recording.
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Acknowledgements
We thank all members of the Xu lab for helpful discussions and comments. We thank Drs. Chengyu Li and Haohong Li for technical support and sharing resources. This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program (2022ZD0205000), the National Key R&D Program of China, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB32010105, XDBS01010100), Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2018SHZDZX05), Lingang Lab (LG202104-01-08), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771180 and 91732106), and an International Collaborative Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (201978677).
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Qu, XT., Wu, JN., Wen, Y. et al. A Virtual Reality Platform for Context-Dependent Cognitive Research in Rodents. Neurosci. Bull. 39, 717–730 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-022-00964-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-022-00964-0