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Anticancer Activity of the Potential Pyropia yezoensis Galactan Fractionated in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

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Abstract

Galactan is a major sulfate polysaccharide in the red seaweed, Pyropia yezoensis. In the present study, the prebiotic potential and anticancer activities of three sulfate galactans with different molecular weights (GPYcrude, GPY300, and GPY10) were evaluated in vitro. Monosaccharide composition and structural analyses of these sulfate galactans showed that all polysaccharide fractions contained the same monosaccharides but had different molecular weights. All the polysaccharides tested displayed potential prebiotic activity, with GPY10 noticeably having the best potential compared to others, especially for Bifidobacterium spp., which highlights possible correlations between structural galactan features and prebiotic activity. Furthermore, all three sulfate galactans were cytotoxic to DU145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cells, with GPY10 exhibiting the greatest inhibition in DU145 cells. Moreover, GPY10 induced modulates the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), with subsequent increased apoptosis of DU145 prostate cancer cell and modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. GPY10 increased expression of Bax, executor caspase-3, and initiator caspases 8 and 9. Therefore, sulfate galactans from P. yezoensis could be applied as a novel prebiotic and anticancer compounds in prostate cancer cells.

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Acknowledgment

This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Startups (MSS), Korea, under the “Regional Specialized Industry Development Plus Program (R&D, S3005783)” supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT).

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Neither ethical approval nor informed consent was required for this study.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Korea

    Thi Ngoc Anh Pham, Bao Le & Seung Hwan Yang

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  1. Thi Ngoc Anh Pham
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Correspondence to Seung Hwan Yang.

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Pham, T.N.A., Le, B. & Yang, S.H. Anticancer Activity of the Potential Pyropia yezoensis Galactan Fractionated in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Biotechnol Bioproc E 26, 63–70 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-020-0157-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-020-0157-8

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