Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Multiple Myeloma of the Young – a Single Center Experience Highlights Future Directions

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

Multiple myeloma is quite uncommon in the young population. We performed a retrospective review in our database from 2006 to 2015 to examine the clinical features, outcomes and survival of multiple myeloma patients ≤40 years old. Among 312 newly diagnosed patients we found sixteen (5.1%) who were 40 years old or younger. Their characteristics including M-protein type, genetical alterations, clinical symptoms and disease stage were as various as those in the older population. All but two young patients underwent autologous stem cell transplantation after the induction treatment. Their response to treatment did not differ markedly from the older patients. We also compared the survival data of patiens ≤40 years and > 40 years old. The 5-year progression-free survival were 48% and 35%, the 5-year overall survival were 83% and 53% respectively, the latter showing a significant advantage for the younger population. 70% of the young patients received maintenance or consolidation therapy after the initial treatment. Although several effective new therapies have been introduced recently, there is still an unmet need for curative treatment options for young and fit multiple myeloma patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kazandijan D (2016) Multiple myeloma epidemiology and survival: a unique malignancy. Semin Oncol 43(6):676–681

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A et al (2014) International myeloma working group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol 15:538–548

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kumar S (2017) Emerging options in multiple myeloma: targeted, immune and epigenetic therapies. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2017(1):518–524

  4. Chng WJ, Dispenzieri A, Chim CS et al (2014) IMWG consensus on risk stratification in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 28:269–277

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, Lust JA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, Fonseca R, Rajkumar SV, Offord JR, Larson DR, Plevak ME, Therneau TM, Greipp PR (2003) Review of 1072 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc 78:21–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cheema PK, Zadeh S, Kukreti V, Reece D, Chen C, Trudel S, Mikhael J (2009) Age 40 years and under does not confer superior prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing upfront autologous stem cell transplant. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 15:686–693

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Geetha N, Jayaparkash M, Rekhenair A et al (1999) Plasma cell neoplasms in young. Br J Radiol 72:1012–1015

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ludwig H, Durie BGM, Bolejack et al (2008) Myeloma in patients younger than age 50 yearsa presents with more favorable features and shows better survival: an analysis of 10.549 patients from the Internationaly Myeloma Working Group. Blood. 111: 4039–4047

  9. Blade J, Kyle RA, Griepp PR (1996) Presenting features and prognosis in 72 patients with multiple myeloam who were younger than 40 years. Br J Haematol 93:345–351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Jurczyszyn A, Nahi H, Avivi I, Gozzetti A, Niesvizky R, Yadlapati S, Jayabalan DS, Robak P, Pika T, Andersen KT, Rasche L, Mądry K, Woszczyk D, Raźny M, Usnarska-Zubkiewicz L, Knopińska-Posłuszny W, Wojciechowska M, Guzicka-Kazimierczak R, Joks M, Grosicki S, Ciepłuch H, Rymko M, Vesole DH, Castillo JJ (2016) Characteristics and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma aged 21-40 years versus 41-60 years: a multi-institutional case-control study. Br J Haematol 175:884–891

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jurczyszyn A, Davila J, Kortüm KM et al (2018) Multiple myeloma in patients up to 30 years of age: a multicenter retrospective study of 52 cases. Leuk Lymphoma 22:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mateos MV, San Miguel JV (2017) Management of multiple myeloma in the newly diagnosed patient. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017(1):498–507

  13. Sonneveld P (2017) Management of multiple myeloma in the relapsed / refarcory patient. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017(1):508–517

  14. Chan HSH, Chen CI, Reece DE (2017) Current review on high-risk myeloma. Curr Hematol Mal Rep 12:96–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ludwig H, Zojer H (2017) Fixed duration vs coninuous therapy in multiple myeloma. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017(1):212–222

  16. Mir MA, Kapoor P, Kumar S, Pandey S, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Dingli D, Hogan W, Buadi F, Hayman S, Gandhi M, Gertz MA (2015) Trends and outcomes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for multiple myeloma at Mayo Clinic. Clin Ly Myeloma & Leuk 15:349–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Htut M, D1Souza A, Krishnan A et al (2017) Autologous / Allogeneic hematopoietic Cell Transplant versus tandem autologous transplantation for multiple myeloma: comparison of long-term post-relapse survival. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant pii: S1083–8791(17)30793–0. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.10.024. [Epub ahead of print]

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary

    Ildikó Pál, Árpád Illés & László Váróczy

Authors
  1. Ildikó Pál
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Árpád Illés
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. László Váróczy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to László Váróczy.

Ethics declarations

Ethical Statement

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pál, I., Illés, Á. & Váróczy, L. Multiple Myeloma of the Young – a Single Center Experience Highlights Future Directions. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 26, 419–424 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-018-0526-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-018-0526-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation