Abstract
Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is a rare, highly malignant, osteoid formation mesenchymal neoplasm in the absence of bone involvement, associated with exceptionally poor prognosis. It frequently arises in the soft tissues of the extremities or in the retroperitoneum, but rarely in visceral organ. We describe a primary osteosarcoma of the liver in a 70-year-old man who presented with an episode of fever, accompanied by abdominal discomfort, after an accident abdominal strike. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a large heterogeneous mass with areas of dense calcification involving most of the right lobe of liver. Radiography did not show evidence of primary tumor or primary bone lesion at any other site. Histologically, the tumor showed an essentially similar appearance as osteosarcoma originating in the skeleton, comprised of polygonal or spindle shaped cells, along with abundant eosinophilic lace-like osteoids, or irregularly arranged bone trabeculae. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD10, and focally for SMA and CD56, but negative for other lineage-specific markers. Thus, the findings favored a primary hepatic osteosarcoma. This patient received palliative chemotherapy to ease the signs of his sickness due to the large size of the tumor and he died 4 moths later.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bane BL, Evans HL, Ro JY, Carrasco CH, Grignon DJ, Benjamin RS, Ayala AG (1990) Extraskeletal osteosarcoma. A clinicopathologic review of 26 cases. Cancer 65(12):2762–2770
Chung EB, Enzinger FM (1987) Extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Cancer 60(5):1132–1142
Lee JS, Fetsch JF, Wasdhal DA, Lee BP, Pritchard DJ, Nascimento AG (1995) A review of 40 patients with extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Cancer 76(11):2253–2259
Lidang Jensen M, Schumacher B, Myhre Jensen O, Steen Nielsen O, Keller J (1998) Extraskeletal osteosarcomas: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 22(5):588–594
McCarter MD, Lewis JJ, Antonescu CR, Brennan MF (2000) Extraskeletal osteosarcoma: analysis of outcome of a rare neoplasm. Sarcoma 4(3):119–123
Allan CJ, Soule EH (1971) Osteogenic sarcoma of the somatic soft tissues. Clinicopathologic study of 26 cases and review of literature. Cancer 27(5):1121–1133
Hoch M, Ali S, Agrawal S, Wang C, Khurana JS (2013) Extraskeletal osteosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature. J Radiol Case Rep 7(7):15–23
Govender D, Rughubar KN (1998) Primary hepatic osteosarcoma: case report and literature review. Pathology 30(3):323–325
Maynard JH, Fone DJ (1969) Haemochromatosis with osteogenic sarcoma in the liver. Med J Aust 2(25):1260–1263
Sumiyoshi A, Niho Y (1971) Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the liver--report of an autopsy case. Acta Pathol Jpn 21(2):305–312
von Hochstetter AR, Hattenschwiler J, Vogt M (1987) Primary osteosarcoma of the liver. Cancer 60(9):2312–2317
Craig JR, Peters RL, Edmondson HA (1989) Atlas of tumor pathology: tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, pp 223–255
Kitayama Y, Sugimura H, Arai T, Nagamatsu K, Kino I (1995) Primary osteosarcoma arising from cirrhotic liver. Pathol Int 45(4):320–325
Krishnamurthy VN, Casillas VJ, Bejarano P, Saurez M, Franceschi D (2004) Primary osteosarcoma of liver. European Journal of Radiology Extra 50(1):31–36
Park SH, Choi SB, Kim WB, Song TJ (2009) Huge primary osteosarcoma of the liver presenting an aggressive recurrent pattern following surgical resection. J Dig Dis 10(3):231–235
Nawabi A, Rath S, Nissen N, Forscher C, Colquhoun S, Lee J, Geller S, Wong A, Klein AS (2009) Primary hepatic osteosarcoma. J Gastrointest Surg 13(8):1550–1553
Jiang RD, Zhang ZL, Li T (2015) Abdominal pain caused by spontaneous rupture of a liver tumor. Gastroenterology 149(1):35–36
Tamang TG, Shuster M, Chandra AB (2016) Primary hepatic osteosarcoma: a rare cause of primary liver tumor. Clin Med Insights Case Rep 9:31–33
Mechtersheimer G, Moller P (1989) Expression of the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CD10) in mesenchymal tumors. Am J Pathol 134(5):961–965
Hasegawa T, Hirose T, Kudo E, Hizawa K, Usui M, Ishii S (1991) Immunophenotypic heterogeneity in osteosarcomas. Hum Pathol 22(6):583–590
Ojima A, Sugiyama T, Takeda T, Hazama F, Nakakuki F, Uesugi Y et al (1964) Six cases of rare malignant tumors of the liver. Acta Pathol Jpn 14:95–102
Leger-Ravet MB, Borgonovo G, Amato A, Lemaigre G, Franco D (1996) Carcinosarcoma of the liver with mesenchymal differentiation: a case report. Hepato-Gastroenterology 43(7):255–259
Carter R (1969) Hepatoblastoma in the adult. Cancer 23(1):191–197
Haratake J, Horie A (1991) An immunohistochemical study of sarcomatoid liver carcinomas. Cancer 68(1):93–97
Kakizoe S, Kojiro M, Nakashima T (1987) Hepatocellular carcinoma with sarcomatous change. Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical studies of 14 autopsy cases. Cancer 59(2):310–316
Stout AP (1948) Mesenchymoma, the mixed tumor of mesenchymal derivatives. Ann Surg 127(2):278–290
Heukamp LC, Knoblich A, Rausch E, Friedrichs N, Schildhaus HU, Kahl P, Tismer R, Schneider B, Büttner R, Houshdaran F (2007) Extraosseous osteosarcoma arising from the small intestinal mesentery. Pathol Res Pract 203(6):473–477
Sordillo PP, Hajdu SI, Magill GB, Golbey RB (1983) Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma. A review of 48 patients. Cancer 51(4):727–734
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yu, L., Yang, S.J. Primary Osteosarcoma of the Liver: Case Report and Literature Review. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 26, 115–120 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-018-0483-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-018-0483-8