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Primary High-Grade Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: High NFκB Expression in Tumor Specimens Distinguishes Patients Who are at Risk for Disease Progression

  • Original Article
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Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

To investigate the potential prognostic role of NFκB expression in primary high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients with primary high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who received induction and maintenance BCG therapy were retrospectively included. Recurrence and progression were histologically proven. Intensity and extent of immunochemistry were assessed. The final evaluation of the NFκB staining was done by combining intensity and extent as ΄΄product΄΄ and expressing it as ΄΄low NFκΒ expression΄΄ or ΄΄high NFκB expression΄΄. Epidemiological, pathological, clinical parameters and NFκB expression were statistically analyzed for recurrence (REC), progression (PR), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). NFκB is significantly associated with disease progression (p < 0,001 in univariate analysis and p = 0,001, Odds Ratio = 14,484, 95% Confidence Interval = 3187-65,821 in multivariate analysis), but not with recurrence. The median value of NFκB expression as ΄΄product΄΄ is significantly higher for the patients with progression in comparison to patients with recurrence only (p = 0,003) and patients without recurrence or progression (p = 0,001). Patients’ age is significantly associated (p = 0,001 in univariate analysis and p = 0,003, Odds Ratio = 1273, 95% Confidence Interval = 1086–1492 in multivariate analysis) with disease recurrence. High NFκB expression in primary high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, treated with postoperative intravesical BCG immunotherapy, could represent an unfavorable prognostic factor.

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Acknowledgements

The corresponding author has been awarded a supporting funding from the Hellenic Urological Association (HUA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine-School of Health Sciences-University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece

    Lampros Mitrakas, Stavros Gravas, Anastasios Karatzas, Ioannis Zachos & Vasilios Tzortzis

  2. Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Sozialstiftung Bamberg-Klinikum am Bruderwald, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Buger Straße 80, 96049, Bamberg, Germany

    Lampros Mitrakas & Karl Weingärtner

  3. Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine-School of Health Sciences-University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece

    Christos Papandreou

  4. Department of Pathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine-School of Health Sciences-University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece

    Georgios Koukoulis & Foteini Karasavvidou

  5. Medical Statistics, Science and Technology Park of Epirus, Ioannina, Greece

    Georgios Dimakopoulos

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  1. Lampros Mitrakas
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  2. Stavros Gravas
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  9. Ioannis Zachos
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Correspondence to Lampros Mitrakas.

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Mitrakas, L., Gravas, S., Papandreou, C. et al. Primary High-Grade Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: High NFκB Expression in Tumor Specimens Distinguishes Patients Who are at Risk for Disease Progression. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 25, 225–231 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-017-0340-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-017-0340-1

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