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Epidemiology and Genotypic Diversity of Eurasian Avian-Like H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses in China

Virologica Sinica volume 36, pages 43–51 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Eurasian avian-like H1N1 (EA H1N1) swine influenza virus (SIV) outside European countries was first detected in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong, SAR) of China in 2001. Afterwards, EA H1N1 SIVs have become predominant in pig population in this country. However, the epidemiology and genotypic diversity of EA H1N1 SIVs in China are still unknown. Here, we collected the EA H1N1 SIVs sequences from China between 2001 and 2018 and analyzed the epidemic and phylogenic features, and key molecular markers of these EA H1N1 SIVs. Our results showed that EA H1N1 SIVs distributed in nineteen provinces/municipalities of China. After a long-time evolution and transmission, EA H1N1 SIVs were continuously reassorted with other co-circulated influenza viruses, including 2009 pandemic H1N1 (A(H1N1)pdm09), and triple reassortment H1N2 (TR H1N2) influenza viruses, generated 11 genotypes. Genotype 3 and 5, both of which were the reassortments among EA H1N1, A(H1N1)pdm09 and TR H1N2 viruses with different origins of M genes, have become predominant in pig population. Furthermore, key molecular signatures were identified in EA H1N1 SIVs. Our study has drawn a genotypic diversity image of EA H1N1 viruses, and could help to evaluate the potential risk of EA H1N1 for pandemic preparedness and response.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the authors and laboratories for sharing the EA SIVs sequences in GISAID and GenBank database. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of China CDC and other organizations. The study was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81961128002, 81971941, and 31761133003).

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Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Collaboration Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing 102206, China

    Zhaomin Feng, Wenfei Zhu, Lei Yang, Jia Liu, Lijuan Zhou, Dayan Wang & Yuelong Shu

  2. School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Lijuan Zhou & Yuelong Shu

Authors
  1. Zhaomin Feng
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  2. Wenfei Zhu
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  3. Lei Yang
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  4. Jia Liu
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  5. Lijuan Zhou
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  6. Dayan Wang
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  7. Yuelong Shu
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Contributions

YS, DW, and WZ designed the study; YS, WZ, ZF, LY, JL, and LZ analyzed the data and discussed the results; ZF wrote the manuscript; YS and WZ finalized the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Wenfei Zhu, Dayan Wang or Yuelong Shu.

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The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Cite this article

Feng, Z., Zhu, W., Yang, L. et al. Epidemiology and Genotypic Diversity of Eurasian Avian-Like H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses in China. Virol. Sin. 36, 43–51 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00257-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-020-00257-8

Keywords

  • Eurasian avian-like H1N1 (EA H1N1) swine influenza viruses (SIV)
  • Epidemiology
  • Genotypes
  • Molecular markers