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Manipulation of the host cell membrane by human γ-herpesviruses EBV and KSHV for pathogenesis

  • Review
  • Published:
Virologica Sinica

Abstract

The cell membrane regulates many physiological processes including cellular communication, homing and metabolism. It is therefore not surprising that the composition of the host cell membrane is manipulated by intracellular pathogens. Among these, the human oncogenic herpesviruses Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) exploit the host cell membrane to avoid immune surveillance and promote viral replication. Accumulating evidence has shown that both EBV and KSHV directly encode several similar membrane-associated proteins, including receptors and receptor-specific ligands (cytokines and chemokines), to increase virus fitness in spite of host antiviral immune responses. These proteins are expressed individually at different phases of the EBV/KSHV life cycle and employ various mechanisms to manipulate the host cell membrane. In recent decades, much effort has been made to address how these membrane-based signals contribute to viral tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize and highlight the recent understanding of how EBV and KSHV similarly manipulate host cell membrane signals, particularly how remodeling of the cell membrane allows EBV and KSHV to avoid host antiviral immune responses and favors their latent and lytic infection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Fang Wei

  2. Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministries of Education and Health), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Qing Zhu, Ling Ding, Qing Liang & Qiliang Cai

Authors
  1. Fang Wei
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  2. Qing Zhu
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  3. Ling Ding
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  4. Qing Liang
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  5. Qiliang Cai
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Correspondence to Qiliang Cai.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

ORCID: 0000-0002-7147-0953

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Wei, F., Zhu, Q., Ding, L. et al. Manipulation of the host cell membrane by human γ-herpesviruses EBV and KSHV for pathogenesis. Virol. Sin. 31, 395–405 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-016-3817-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12250-016-3817-2

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