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Numerical Study on Understanding the Force and Moment Changes Acting on the Overtaking Vehicle During Overtaking Process

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Abstract

Numerical analysis has been performed to understand the flow field changes around the overtaking vehicle while the overtaking vehicle is overtaking the driving vehicle, and how the flow field changes affect the aerodynamic drag force change, aerodynamic side force change, and aerodynamic yawing moment change of the overtaking vehicle. The flow field around the overtaking vehicle is determined by the aerodynamic interference between these two vehicles depending on the relative positions of the overtaking vehicle to the driving vehicle and the flow disturbance formed around the overtaking vehicle. Notchback type of DrivAer model is selected as an overtaking vehicle and box-shaped model is selected as a driving vehicle. The overtaking vehicle overtakes the driving vehicle at 100 km/h, and 14 positions are selected for the relative positions of the overtaking vehicle to the driving vehicle, and numerical analysis has been performed in the steady state condition. Through this study, we can physically understand how the aerodynamic drag force change, aerodynamic side force change, and aerodynamic yawing moment change of the overtaking vehicle. As a result, even if the shape of the overtaking vehicle changes, the ability to qualitatively predict changes in aerodynamic characteristics can be obtained.

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Abbreviations

A :

frontal projection area of a vehicle, m2

C d :

aerodynamic drag coefficient

CM z :

aerodynamic yawing moment coefficient

C p :

aerodynamic pressure coefficient

C y :

aerodynamic side force coefficient

F d :

aerodynamic drag force, N

F y :

aerodynamic side force, N

H W/T :

height of numerical wind tunnel, m

L :

length of overtaking vehicle, m

L W/T :

length of numerical wind tunnel, m

M z :

aerodynamic yawing moment, N-m

p :

pressure, N/m2

P ∞ :

airflow pressure, N/m2

t :

time, second

u i :

time-averaged mean velocity components, m/s

u ′ i :

airflow velocity, m/s

W B :

length of wheel base of overtaking vehicle, m

W W/T :

width of numerical wind tunnel, m

x i :

coordinate axis, m

δ ij :

kronecker delta

ρ :

airflow density, kg/m3

μ :

airflow viscosity, kg/(m·s)

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Acknowledgement

The financial support for this research was provided by Hyundai Motor Company, Korea. The authors wish to express their deep gratitude to Aerodynamic Development Team, Hyundai Motor Company.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang, 10540, Korea

    Sung Oh Park, Jae Hak Lee & Moon Sang Kim

  2. Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Company, 150 HyundaiYeonguso-ro, Hwaseong, 18280, Korea

    Deuk Young Jung & Jin Hyuck Chang

Authors
  1. Sung Oh Park
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  2. Jae Hak Lee
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  3. Moon Sang Kim
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  4. Deuk Young Jung
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Correspondence to Moon Sang Kim.

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Park, S.O., Lee, J.H., Kim, M.S. et al. Numerical Study on Understanding the Force and Moment Changes Acting on the Overtaking Vehicle During Overtaking Process. Int.J Automot. Technol. 24, 195–205 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-023-0018-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-023-0018-5

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