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Turbocharging Effects on Emissions Reduction and Thermal Efficiency under Diesel/Natural Gas Dual-fueled Combustion

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Abstract

Dual-fueled combustion, using high and low reactivity fuels simultaneously, is a promising combustion method that enables reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission. However, the total amount of NOx emissions in the exhaust gas is strongly influenced by the overall excessive air ratio (lambda) of air—fuel mixture. Thus, lean mixture condition is important for NOx emissions although RCCI operating condition is applied. In addition, not only reduction of emissions, but improvement in BTE requires the boost pressure to be increased. Thus, variations in boost pressure via a controlling turbocharger system was evaluated under general dual-fueled combustion and RCCI conditions using diesel and natural gas fuels while tracing emissions and BTE. The results indicated that higher boost pressure was more effective on RCCI condition in reducing NOx emissions and enhancing BTE and turbocharging system efficiency with lower carbon dioxides, compared to those of general dual-fueled combustion condition. Especially, turbocharger efficiency of dual-fueled combustion was higher than that of diesel single-fueled combustion related with composition of exhaust gas and exhaust gas temperatures.

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Abbreviations

AF:

air to fuel ratio

BSFC:

brake specific fuel consumption

BSNOx:

brake specific nitrogen oxides

BSCO2 :

brake specific carbon dioxides

BTE:

brake thermal efficiency

CH4 :

methane

CO:

carbon monoxide

CO2 :

carbon dioxides

CI:

compression ignition

CY:

cylinder

DF:

dual-fueled combustion

EGR:

exhaust gas recirculation

EM:

exhaust manifold

FSN:

filtered smoke number

gIMEP:

gross indicated mean effective pressure

gITE:

gross indicated thermal efficiency

HCCI:

homogeneous charge compression ignition

HRR:

heat release rate

HSDI:

high speed direct injection

IM:

intake manifold

k:

specific heat ratio

LHV:

low heating value

MFB:

mass fraction burned

NMHC:

non-methane hydrocarbon

NOx:

nitrogen oxides

O2 :

oxygen

PCI:

premixed compression ignition

Pmax:

the maximum in-cylinder pressure

R:

gas constant

RCCI:

reactivity controlled compression ignition

SF:

single-fueled combustion

SI:

spark ignition

TC:

turbocharger

THC:

total hydrocarbon

λ :

lambda, excessive air ratio

η :

efficiency

°ATDC:

after top dead center

°BTDC:

before top dead center

A:

air

EQ:

equilibrium

G:

exhaust gas

I:

inlet

O:

outlet

T:

turbocharging

TS:

turbocharger system

TC:

turbocharger

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Acknowledgement

This experiment was supported by the Basic Research Fund (Development of Clean Modularization of Shale Gas Midstream Plants and Natural Gas Application Technology) of Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KTMM). In addition, this work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) under Grant No. 2021R1G1A1004451, funded by the Korea government (MSIT). This research was also supported by Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT. (Project name: Demonstration of new DPF technology for a special purpose vehicle and Development of new deNOx technology, grant number: 2019M1A2A2103681). This research was a part of the project titled ‘Development of 2,100 PS LNG-Ammonia dual fuel engine’, funded by the Korean Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (Project No. 1525011796). Jeonbuk National University helped to do the paper work of this research. The authors thank the team of Triverse for their help in setting up the experimental devices.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mobility Power Research, Eco-Friendly Energy Conversion Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 202-2 ho, Research Building 11, 156 Gajeongbuk-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34103, Korea

    Sechul Oh, Sunyoup Lee, Changgi Kim & Seokhwan Lee

  2. Automotive Hi-technology Research Center & Division of Mechanical System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 54896, Korea

    Junho Oh & Jeongwoo Lee

  3. School of Energy Systems Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Korea

    Junghwan Kim

Authors
  1. Sechul Oh
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  2. Junho Oh
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  3. Junghwan Kim
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  4. Sunyoup Lee
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  5. Changgi Kim
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  6. Seokhwan Lee
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  7. Jeongwoo Lee
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Correspondence to Jeongwoo Lee.

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Oh, S., Oh, J., Kim, J. et al. Turbocharging Effects on Emissions Reduction and Thermal Efficiency under Diesel/Natural Gas Dual-fueled Combustion. Int.J Automot. Technol. 23, 1703–1715 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-022-0148-1

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