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Apparatus for Identification of Frictional and Thermal Characteristics of a Wet Clutch

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Abstract

This paper describes the configuration of an apparatus for fundamental research on frictional characteristics for wet clutch control. The friction coefficient usually varies depending on the friction speed, the temperature of the friction surface, and the pressing force. The design and configuration for accurately measuring each major variable were presented. There is a fluid circulation system to implement an environment similar to an actual wet clutch system. It is designed to analyze the friction characteristics by maintaining the fluid film dynamics in a steady-state or to simulate the clutch engagement by controlling the speed of the motor. A friction coefficient map for any multi-disc clutch could be obtained with the presented apparatus, and a map of an automatic transmission clutch is obtained as an example. The experimental result shows the variables of the friction coefficient were the friction speed and the temperature of the friction surface, and in particular, it increased linearly with the temperature of the friction surface within the experimental range.

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Abbreviations

x p :

piston position, m

h :

nominal separation between clutches, m

N c :

number of clutches

z :

film thickness, m

β :

asperity tip radius, m

ρ :

RMS roughness of friction material, m

p h :

hydrodynamic pressure, Pa

p c :

contact pressure, Pa

R eff :

torque effective radius of clutch, m

v :

mean slip speed of clutch, m/s

R o :

outer radius of clutch disk, m

R i :

inner radius of the clutch disk, m

Δω :

clutch rotational slip speed, rad/s

τ :

clutch torque, Nm

τ c :

asperity contact torque, Nm

τ v :

viscous torque, Nm

μ f :

asperity friction coefficient

μ v :

dynamic viscosity of the fluid, mPa·s

\(\bar h\) :

average fluid film thickness, m

T :

mean temperature of friction surfaces of clutches, °C

μ v1, μ v3 :

dynamic viscosity parameters, mPa·s

μ v2, μ v4 :

dynamic viscosity parameters, K−1

m :

mass, kg

c p :

specific heat capacity, J·kg−·K−1

k 1 :

generalized thermal conductivity of convection, W/K

k 2 :

generalized thermal conductivity of conduction, W/K

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Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the BK21+ program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education of Korea; the Technology Innovation Program (20010263) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea); the Technology Innovation Program (20014983) funded By the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea); the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2020R1A2B5B01 001531).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea

    Seungin Shin & Seibum B. Choi

  2. R&D Division, Hyundai Motor Company, 150 Hyundaiyeonguso-ro, Namyang-eup, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi, 18280, Korea

    Dong-Hyun Kim

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  1. Seungin Shin
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  2. Dong-Hyun Kim
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  3. Seibum B. Choi
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Correspondence to Seibum B. Choi.

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Shin, S., Kim, DH. & Choi, S.B. Apparatus for Identification of Frictional and Thermal Characteristics of a Wet Clutch. Int.J Automot. Technol. 23, 1569–1578 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-022-0137-4

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