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Simulation and Modeling of Dynamic Friction Coefficient of Wet Clutch during Engagement

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Abstract

A dynamic friction coefficient model in engagement was established based on the friction transmission mechanism of a wet clutch. The effects of parameters, such as the material permeability, surface roughness, Young’s modulus, ATF viscosity, applied pressure, initial relative angular velocity, and pressure delay time, on the friction coefficient during engagement were investigated. The results indicated that material permeability has a greater influence on the time when the dynamic friction coefficient tends to be stable, choosing an appropriate permeability of friction material can effectively prevent excessive the level of jerk during the engagement and excessive engagement time. Surface roughness and applied pressure mainly affect the magnitude of the initial and midpoint friction coefficients. Appropriately increasing the surface roughness and applied pressure can increase the smoothness of the engagement of wet clutch. The ATF viscosity and initial relative angular velocity have a significant effect on the magnitude of the initial friction coefficients. Appropriately increasing the ATF viscosity and initial relative angular velocity will reduce the level of jerk at the end of the wet clutch engagement. Young’s modulus and the pressure delay time have a smaller effect on the dynamic friction coefficient than that of other parameters.

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Abbreviations

r :

radial variable, m

t :

time, s

ε :

compressive strain

δ :

real contact area ratio

E :

equivalent elasticity modulus

A n :

nominal disk area, m2

h :

oil film thickness, m

h 0 :

initial film thickness, m

Φ:

friction lining permeability, m2

d :

friction lining thickness, m

P S :

applied pressure, Pa

\(P_S^\prime \) :

applied pressure during simulation, Pa

P c :

asperity pressure, Pa

P h :

oil film pressure, Pa

F :

force, N

F h :

oil film force, N

T :

transmitted torque, N·m

T′ :

transmitted torque during simulation, N·m

T f :

asperity friction torque, N·m

T v :

viscous shear torque, N·m

η :

ATF viscosity, Pa·s

Q:

ATF flow, L·min−1

\({{\bar h}_T}\) :

average gap between surfaces, m

σ :

combined roughness RMS between surfaces, m

erf O:

Gauss error function

λ :

asperity density

γ :

asperity tip radius, m

a :

inner radius of friction pairs, m

b :

outer radius of friction pairs, m

ϕ f, ϕ fs, ϕ r :

Patir-Cheng factors (Patir and Cheng, 1979; Meng et al., 2010)

ω rel :

relative angular velocity, rad/s

f c :

asperity friction coefficient

N :

number of friction surface

app :

applied

c :

asperity friction

h :

viscous shear

f :

asperity friction

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Acknowledgement

Project Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52172355), Program for Innovation Team at Institution of Higher Education in Chongqing (No. CXQT21027), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M681808) and the Postdoctoral Research Preferred Fund Project of Zhejiang Province (No. ZJ2020080).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China

    Zhigang Zhang, Ling Zou & Hang Liu

  2. Ningbo Shenglong Group Co. Ltd, 788 Jinda Road, Ningbo, 315104, China

    Zhigang Zhang & Yonglong Chen

  3. Chongqing Tsingshan Industrial Technology Center, 1 Qingshan North Road, Chongqing, 402761, China

    Benzhu Zhang

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  1. Zhigang Zhang
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  2. Ling Zou
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  3. Hang Liu
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  5. Benzhu Zhang
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Correspondence to Zhigang Zhang.

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Zhang, Z., Zou, L., Liu, H. et al. Simulation and Modeling of Dynamic Friction Coefficient of Wet Clutch during Engagement. Int.J Automot. Technol. 23, 125–134 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-022-0010-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-022-0010-5

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