Abstract
In this paper, the formability of E-FORM magnesium alloy sheet (as one of recent alloys for automotive magnesium sheets) is analyzed based on the comparison between the results of actual magnesium (Mg) roof forming and those of finite element (FE) simulations. The FE model considers anisotropic mechanical properties and forming limit diagram (FLD) of the investigated magnesium alloy sheet. Through the coupled experimental and numerical procedure, the dominating factors for improving the accuracy of the numerical simulations are further studied. A commercial finite element analysis program, AUTOFORM®, is used for the simulations, in which identified mechanical properties and forming limit criteria are implemented as functions of temperature and strain rate. The improvement in the prediction of formability during the warm forming of the E-FORM magnesium alloy sheet can be obtained by considering a modified hardening law at large strain region, sheet anisotropy, and the properly measured forming limit curve.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hill, R. (1948). A theory of the yielding and plastic flow of anisotropic metals. Proc. Royal Society A 193, 1033, 281–297.
Hwang, J. K. and Kang, D. M. (2006). FE analysis on the press forging of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Trans. Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 14, 6, 86–91.
Kim, H. Y., Choi, S. C., Lee, H. S., Kim, H. J. and Lee, K. T. (2007). Experiments for forming limit diagram and springback characteristics of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet at elevated temperature. Trans. Material Processing 16, 5, 364–369.
Kim, J. H., Lee, G. A. and Lee, M. G (2015). Determination of dynamic strain hardening parameters using the virtual fields method. Int. J. Automotive Technology 16, 1, 145–151.
Kulekci, M. K. (2008). Magnesium and its alloys applications in automotive industry. Int. J. Advanced Manufacturing Technology 39, 9-10, 851–865.
Lee, J., Kim, S.-J., Lee, Y.-S., Lee, J.- Y, Kim, D. and Lee, M.-G (2017). Distortional hardening concept for modeling anisotropic/asymmetric plastic behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets. Int. J. Plasticity, 94, 74–97.
Lee, M. G and Kim, H. J. (2011). Experimental and analytical evaluation of forming characteristics for AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. Trans. Material Processing 20, 2, 146–153.
Lee, M. G., Kim, J. H., Kim, D., Seo, O. S., Nguyen, N. T. and Kim, H. Y (2013). Anisotropic hardening of sheet metals at elevated temperature: tension-compressions test development and validation. Experimental Mechanics 53, 6, 1039–1055.
Lee, M. G., Kim, S. J., Wagoner, R. H., Chung, K. and Kim, H. Y (2009). Constitutive modeling for anisotropic/asymmetric hardening behavior of magnesium alloy sheets: Application to sheet springback. Int. J. Plasticity 25, 1, 70–104.
Lee, M. H., Kim, K. K., Kim, H. Y and Oh, S. I. (2008b). Evaluation of the formability of warm forming simulation of magnesium alloy sheet using FLD. Trans. Material Processing 17, 7, 501–506.
Lee, M.- G, Wagoner, R. H., Lee, J. K., Chung, K. and Kim, H. Y. (2008a). Constitutive modeling for anisotropic/asymmetric hardening behavior of magnesium alloy sheets. Int. J. Plasticity 24, 4, 545–582.
Lee, Y. and Choi, I. (2017). Development of Mg roof mass production technology. Fall Conf. Proc, Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 1091.
Park, D. H., Yun, J. J., Tak, Y H. and Lee, C. W. (2015). Development of automotive dash panel parts using warm drawing of magnesium alloy AZ31B. Trans. Material Processing 24, 4, 248–255.
Park, J. G, Kim, Y S., Kuwabara, T. and You, B. S. (2005). Plastic deformation characteristic of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet. Trans. Material Processing 14, 6, 520–526.
Seo, O. S., Lee, C. A., Park, C. S., Kim, H. J. and Lee, K. T. (2016). Non-isothermal stamping analysis of automotive seat cushion panel using Mg ally sheet. Trans. Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 24, 5, 605–611.
Woo, Y Y, Han, S. W, Oh, I. Y. and Moon, Y. H. (2019). Shape defects in the flexible roll forming of automotive parts. Int. J. Automotive Technology 20, 2, 227–236.
Yoon, T. W, Kim, R. H., Lee, M. Y and Kim, R. H. (2013). Optimization of forming condition and development of forming process with Mg car body. Spring Conf. Proc, Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, 1689–1693.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by Research Resettlement Fund for the new faculty of Seoul National University (Grant No. 0668-20180066). MGL and YHL also appreciate the support from National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF2012R1A5A1051500).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, Y., Jung, S., Baek, H. et al. Effect of Anisotropic Plasticity on the Prediction of Formability of E-Form Magnesium Alloy Sheet. Int.J Automot. Technol. 20, 1183–1193 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0111-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0111-y