Abstract
Head on bonnet impact is becoming more and more important in automotive design as regulations on pedestrian safety become more demanding. Despite the relatively low amount of energy involved, these impacts are truly dynamic phenomena as the event duration is comparable with the traveling time of the different wavefronts generated by the impact. In this paper, we show that we can build up a simplified model for the impact based on wave propagation analysis. Using this model, we can analyze head acceleration on existing bonnets or predict it on new ones. Head acceleration in a bonnet impact can thus be estimated over the whole area of the bonnet with a few minutes of CPU.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asadi, M., Vollaire, A. C., Ashmead, M. and Shirvani, H. (2007). Experimental test and finite element modeling of pedestrian headform impact on honeycomb sandwich panel. 18th Engineering Mechanics Division Conf.
Belingardi, G., Chiandussi, G., Gobetto, E. and Scattina, A. (2010). Bonnet weight reduction and VRU protection design: Design proposals implementing non-conventional materials. Int. J. Automotive Technology 11, 6, 831–842.
Choi, S., Oh, C. and Park, G. (2016). Safety benefits of integrated pedestrian protection systems. Int. J. Automotive Technology 17, 3, 483–491.
Di Pasquale, E. (2013). An innovative approach to bonnet design for pedestrian safety. 9th European LSDYNA Conf.
Di Pasquale, E. and Gielczynski, G. (2010). Multidisciplinary optimization of railway systems. Proc. IDMME, Bordeaux, France.
Eringen, A. C. and Suhubi, E. S. (1974). Elastodynamics. Academic Press. New York, USA.
European Commission (2009). Official Journal of the European Union: Regulation (EC) No 78/2009, 4.2.2009.
EuroNCAP (2012). European New Car Assessment Program: Pedestrian Testing Protocol. http:// www.euroncap.com/en/for-engineers/protocols
Mercier, F., Guillon, S. and Maillot, S. (2012). Deployment or Optimization Studies Using Alternova: Design of a Hood Inner Panel for Pedestrian Safety Performance. Paris-La Defense SIA R-2012-04-06.
Fredriksson, R., Håland, Y. and Yang, J. (2001). Evaluation of a new pedestrian head injury protection system with a sensor in the bumper and lifting of the bonnet rear part. SAE Paper No. 2001-06-0089.
Konosu, A., Ishikawa, H. and Kant, R. (2000). Development of computer simulation models for pedestrian subsystem impact tests. JSAE Review 21, 1, 109–115.
Teng, T.-L. and Ngo, V.-L. (2011). Analyzing pedestrian head injury to design pedestrian friendly hoods. Int. J. Automotive Technology 12, 5, 687–695.
Teng, T.-L. and Nguyen, T.-H. (2010). Assessment of the pedestrian friendliness of a vehicle using subsystem impact tests. Int. J. Automotive Technology 11, 1, 67–73.
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) (2009). Global Technical Regulation No. 9, Pedestrian Safety. ECE/TRANS/180/Add.9.
Van Schijndel-de Nooij, M. (2009). APROSYS Public Dissemination Report. http://www.transport-research.info
Vilenius, A. T. S., Ryan, G. A., Kloeden, C., McLean, A. J. and Dolinis, J. (1994). A method of estimating linear and angular acceleration in head impacts to pedestrian. Accident Analysis & Prevention 26, 5, 563–570.
Yao, J., Yang, J. and Otte, D. (2008). Investigation of head injuries by reconstructions of real-world vehicle-versusadult-pedestrian accidents. Safety Science 46, 7, 1103–1114.
Wood, D. P., Simms, C. K. and Walsh, D. G. (2005). Vehicle-pedestrian collisions: Validated models for pedestrian impact and projection. Proc. Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering 219, 2, 183–195.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Di Pasquale, E., Coutellier, D. Wave propagation in head on bonnet impact: Material and design issues. Int.J Automot. Technol. 18, 631–642 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-017-0063-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-017-0063-z