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Spatial Variability of Phytoplankton and Environmental Drivers in the Turbid Sanmen Bay (East China Sea)

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Abstract

Sanmen Bay (SMB) is a typical semi-enclosed turbid bay in the East China Sea. Environmental factors in the bay (e.g., salinity, transparency, and nutrients) vary spatially, and this variation may lead to spatial variability of phytoplankton. Four seasonal cruises were conducted during 2015–2016 to investigate the distribution and composition of phytoplankton community and their relationships with environmental factors in SMB. Historical data was also collected to explore the response of phytoplankton community to environmental changes. Results showed that diatoms were the most dominant group in this study area, followed by dinoflagellates and cryptophytes. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarity demonstrated significant heterogeneity in community composition across three different subregions of SMB (inner bay, bay mouth, and outer bay). Redundancy analysis and variation partitioning analysis indicated that nutrients most influenced phytoplankton community. Light availability in spring and salinity in summer had nonnegligible effects. Abundance of water-collected phytoplankton in SMB increased by a factor of 5 from 2002 to 2015 and abundance of net-collected phytoplankton in SMB increased by a factor of 10 from the 1980s to the 2010s. These increases were closely associated with the increases in dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. Increases in N/P and temperature induced a decrease in the diatom–dinoflagellate ratio and a subsequent shift in the net-collected dominant species (e.g., warm-water species increase) since the 1980s. This study contributes to a better understanding of phytoplankton dynamics and the effects of environmental drivers on phytoplankton in a highly turbid coastal bay.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Y.B. Liao, Y.B. Tang, and J. Hu at the Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, for their help with the data collections. We sincerely thank Y. Zhang at the Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, for providing helpful edits on an earlier version of this manuscript.

Funding

This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC3101702); Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China (JG2010); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (B200203133); Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX20_0418); Key R&D Program of Zhejiang (2022C03044); Zhejiang Provincial Public Welfare Technology Application Research Program of China (LGF21D060001); and Long-term Observation and Research Plan in the Changjiang Estuary and Adjacent East China Sea Project (LORCE).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Oceanography, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, China

    Yuexin Gao

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China

    Zhibing Jiang, Yue Chen, Jingjing Liu, Yuanli Zhu, Xiaoya Liu, Zhenhao Sun & Jiangning Zeng

  3. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environmenta Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China

    Yuexin Gao

  4. Key Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China

    Zhibing Jiang, Yuanli Zhu & Jiangning Zeng

  5. Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resource, China, No. 36 Baochubei Road, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China

    Zhibing Jiang, Yuanli Zhu & Jiangning Zeng

Authors
  1. Yuexin Gao
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  2. Zhibing Jiang
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  3. Yue Chen
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  4. Jingjing Liu
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  5. Yuanli Zhu
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  6. Xiaoya Liu
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  7. Zhenhao Sun
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  8. Jiangning Zeng
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhibing Jiang.

Additional information

Communicated by James L. Pinckney

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Gao, Y., Jiang, Z., Chen, Y. et al. Spatial Variability of Phytoplankton and Environmental Drivers in the Turbid Sanmen Bay (East China Sea). Estuaries and Coasts 45, 2519–2533 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-022-01104-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-022-01104-7

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