Skip to main content
Log in

Incentives and praise compared: the ethics of motivation

  • Research Article
  • Published:
International Review of Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. This section relies heavily on Grant (2012), chapters 2 and 3.

  2. The graphs of frequency of word usage in this paper were produced using Google Ngrams. On the changing meaning of the term, see the essay by Robert Sugden in this volume.

  3. If I tell you to eat apples because they will make you healthy, I am appealing to the natural or automatic consequence of eating apples. I am giving you a reason to eat them. If I tell you that I will give you a dollar every time you eat an apple, I am offering you an incentive.

  4. Prizes are a form of praise in this respect.

References

  • Akerlof G, Kranton R (2010) Identity economics. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura A, Walters R (1970) Social learning and personality development. Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, Mississauga

    Google Scholar 

  • Damon W (1988) The moral child: nurturing children’s natural moral growth. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Deci E, Ryan R (1985) Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum Press, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Deci E, Nezlek J, Sheinman L (1981) Characteristics of the rewarder and intrinsic motivation of the Rewardee. J Pers Soc Psychol 40:3–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr E, Falk A (2001) Psychological foundation of incentives. Working paper No. 95 ISSN 1424-0459. Institute for Empirical Research in Economics. University of Zurich

  • Flanagan L (2017) How a school ditched awards and assemblies to refocus on kids and learning. https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/08/07/how-a-school-ditched-awards-and-assemblies-to-refocus-on-kids-and-learning/. Aug 7, 2017

  • Frey B (1997) Not just for the money: an economic theory of personal motivation. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey B (1998) Institutions and morale: the crowding out effect. In: Ben-Ner A, Putterman L (eds) Economics, values and organizations. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant R (2012) Strings attached: untangling the ethics of incentives. Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Google Scholar 

  • Locke J (1996a) An essay concerning understanding. Hackett, Indianapolis

    Google Scholar 

  • Locke J (1996b) Some thoughts concerning education and of the conduct of the understanding. Hackett, Indianapolis

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickering A, Blum A, Breiman R, Ram P, Davis J (2014) Video surveillance captures student hand hygiene behavior, reactivity to observation, and peer influence in Kenyan primary schools. PLoS ONE 9:3. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone0092571

    Google Scholar 

  • Pink D (2009) Drive: the surprising truth about what motivates us. Riverhead Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Rapaport D (1960) The structure of psychoanalytic theory: a systematic attempt. International Universities Press, Madison

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith A (1985) The theory of moral sentiments. Liberty Fund Press, Indianapolis

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor F (1993 [1911]) The principles of scientific management and shop management. Routledge, London

  • Watson J (1913) Psychology as the behaviorist views it. Psychol Rev 20:158–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ruth W. Grant.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Grant, R.W. Incentives and praise compared: the ethics of motivation. Int Rev Econ 66, 17–28 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12232-018-0293-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12232-018-0293-z

Keywords

JEL Classification

Navigation