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Characterization of a Late Blight Resistance Gene Homologous to R2 in Potato Variety Payette Russet

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Abstract

Breeding for late blight resistance has traditionally relied on phenotypic selection, but as the number of characterized resistance (R) genes has grown, so have the possibilities for genotypic selection. One challenge for breeding russet varieties is the lack of information about the genetic basis of resistance in this germplasm group. Based on observations of strong resistance by ‘Payette Russet’ to genotype US-23 of the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans in inoculated experiments, we deduced the variety must contain at least one major R gene. To identify the gene(s), 79 F1 progeny were screened using a detached leaf assay and classified resistant vs. susceptible. Linkage mapping using markers from the potato SNP array revealed a single resistant haplotype on the short arm of chromosome group 4, which coincides with the R2/Rpi-abpt/Rpi-blb3 locus. PCR amplification and sequencing of the gene in Payette revealed it is homologous to R2, and transient expression experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana confirmed its recognition of the Avr2 effector. Sequencing of a small diversity panel revealed a SNP unique to resistant haplotypes at the R2 locus, which was converted to a KASP marker that showed perfect prediction accuracy in the F1 population and diversity panel. Although many genotypes of P. infestans are virulent against R2, even when defeated this gene may be valuable as one component of a multi-genic approach to quantitative resistance.

Resumen

El mejoramiento para la resistencia al tizón tardío tradicionalmente se ha respaldado en selección fenotípica, pero a medida que ha crecido el número de genes caracterizados de resistencia (R), asi también las posibilidades de selección genotípica. Un reto para el mejoramiento de variedades tipo russet es la falta de información acerca de las bases genéticas de la resistencia en el grupo de germoplasma. Con base en las observaciones de fuerte resistencia por “Payette Russet” al genotipo US-23 del patógeno del tizón tardío, Phytophthora infestans en experimentos inoculados, deducimos que la variedad debe contener por lo menos un gen R mayor. Para identificar el (los) gene(s), 79 progenies F1 se evaluaron usando el ensayo de hoja separada y se clasificaron como resistente vs susceptible. El mapeo de ligamiento usando marcadores del arreglo SNP de papa reveló un único haplotipo resistente en el brazo corto del cromosoma del grupo 4, que coincide con el locus R2/Rpi-abpt/Rpi-blb3. Amplificación por PCR y la secuenciación del gen en Payette reveló que es homólogo al R2, y experimentos de expresión pasajera en Nicotiana benthamiana confirmaron su reconocimiento del efector Avr2. La secuenciación de un pequeño panel de diversidad reveló u8n SNP único a haplotipos resistentes en el locus R2, que se convirtió a un marcador KASP que mostró una predicción de precisión perfecta en la población F1 y en el panel de diversidad. Aunque muchos genotipos de P. infestans son virulentos contra R2, aun vencido, este gene pudiera ser valioso como un componente de un enfoque multigénico para resistencia cuantitativa.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this research was provided by the Wisconsin Potato and Vegetable Growers Association, the USDA NIFA/NSF Plant Biotic Interactions Program Award 2018-67014-28488, and PepsiCo. We thank Grace Christensen and Peyton Sorensen for their assistance in the lab and greenhouse, as well as personnel at the UW Rhinelander Agricultural Research Station.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Hari S. Karki & Dennis A. Halterman

  2. Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1575 Linden Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Jeffrey B. Endelman

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  1. Hari S. Karki
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  2. Dennis A. Halterman
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  3. Jeffrey B. Endelman
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Correspondence to Jeffrey B. Endelman.

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Karki, H.S., Halterman, D.A. & Endelman, J.B. Characterization of a Late Blight Resistance Gene Homologous to R2 in Potato Variety Payette Russet. Am. J. Potato Res. 98, 78–84 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-020-09811-2

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