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Response of Two Colorado Russet Potato Cultivars to Reduced Irrigation Water Use

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Abstract

In most irrigated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production systems, the amount of irrigation water applied is equivalent to or greater than evapotranspiration (ET) replacement. ET is mostly estimated for a wide range of potato cultivars, which often leads to over or under irrigation of some cultivars. Studies were conducted at Colorado State University’s San Luis Valley Research Center to evaluate the effect of limited irrigation water below the estimated ET on performance of two new Colorado Russet potato cultivars ‘Mercury Russet’ and ‘Rio Grande Russet’. For Mercury Russet, treatments included 80%, 90%, and 100% ET replacement in 2014, and 70%, 82%, and 100% ET replacement in 2015. Treatments for Rio Grande Russet included 80%, 90%, and 100% ET replacement in 2014, and 79%, 85%, and 100% ET replacement in 2015. A reduction of irrigation water by 20% in 2014 and 30% in 2015 delayed leaf senescence of Mercury Russet until 86 to 90 days after planting (DAP). Tuber yields obtained under 10% and 18% reduced irrigation water equaled yields obtained under 100% ET treatment. For Rio Grande Russet, LAI was not impacted with limited irrigation water in 2014, but in 2015 LAI reduced with 15% or more irrigation water reduction. Limiting irrigation water beyond 20% reduced tuber yields in Rio Grande Russet. Data from these studies indicate that irrigation water applied in the production of Mercury Russet and Rio Grande Russet can be reduced up to 18% and 15%, respectively, without affecting tuber yield and quality.

Resumen

En la mayoría de los sistemas de producción de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) de riego, la cantidad de agua aplicada es equivalente a, o mayor, al reemplazo por evapotranspiración (ET). La ET se estima mayormente para una gran amplitud de variedades de papa, lo cual a menudo conduce a un excesivo o deficiente riego de algunas variedades. Se condujeron estudios en el Centro de Investigación del Valle de San Luis de la Universidad Estatal de Colorado para evaluar el efecto de agua de riego limitada debajo de la estimación de ET, sobre el comportamiento de dos variedades nuevas del tipo Colorado Russet, “Mercury Russet” y “Rio Grande Russet”. Para Mercury Russet los tratamientos incluyeron 80%, 90%, y 100% de reemplazo de ET en 2014, y 70%, 82%, y 100% de reemplazo de ET en 2015. Los tratamientos para Rio Grande Russet incluyeron 80%, 90%, y 100% de reemplazo de ET en 2014, y 79%, 85% y 100% de reemplazo de ET en 2015. Una reducción del agua de riego del 20% en 2014 y de 30% en 2015 retrasó la senectud de la hoja de Mercury Russet hasta los 86 a 90 días después de la siembra (DAP). Los rendimientos de tubérculo obtenidos bajo una reducción de 10% y 18% del agua de riego igualaron a los obtenidos bajo el tratamiento de 100% de reemplazo de ET. Para Rio Grande Russet, no se impactó el LAI con agua de riego limitada en 2014, pero en 2015 el LAI se redujo con 15% o mas en la reducción del agua de riego. Limitando al agua de riego a mas del 20% se redujeron los rendimientos de tubérculo en Rio Grande Russet. Los datos de estos estudios indican que el agua de riego aplicada en la producción de Mercury Russet y Rio Grande Russet se puede reducir hasta en 18% y 15% respectivamente, sin afectar el rendimiento y la calidad de tubérculo.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Colorado Potato Administrative Committee (CPAC) Areas II and III for their financial support of this project. Our sincere gratitude also goes to Erik Wardle in the department of Soil and Crop Sciences for his tremendous help in the field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, San Luis Valley Research Center, Center, CO, 81125, USA

    Samuel YC Essah & David G. Holm

  2. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    Allan A. Andales & Troy A. Bauder

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  1. Samuel YC Essah
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Correspondence to Samuel YC Essah.

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Essah, S.Y., Andales, A.A., Bauder, T.A. et al. Response of Two Colorado Russet Potato Cultivars to Reduced Irrigation Water Use. Am. J. Potato Res. 97, 221–233 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-020-09771-7

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